Liver, Spleen And Blood Cells

Question 1

Role of the liver in the life cycle of RBC

Answer 1

Produces RBC during foetal life (haemopoiesis)
Kuoffer cells break down damaged and worn out blood cells
Uses broken down heme to form bile

Question 2

Where is the liver located?

Answer 2

Right upper quadrant of abdomen, under cover of ribs and diaphragm

Question 3

Falciform ligament of liver

Answer 3

Attaches liver to anterior abdominal wall

Question 4

What is the function of the gallbladder?

Answer 4

To store and concentrate bile

Question 5

Vessel running up posterior aspect of liver

Answer 5

Inferior vena cava

Question 6

Which structures enter and leave through the porta hepatis?

Answer 6

Hepatic arteries, portal vein and hepatic ducts

Question 7

What role does the spleen play in the lifecycle of RBC?

Answer 7

Produces RBC during foetal life (haemopoiesis)
Macrophages remove damages and worn out blood cells

Question 8

Where is the spleen located?

Answer 8

Left upper quadrant of the abdomen, posterior to stomach, under cover of lower ribs and diaphragm

Question 9

Where are the splenic notches?

Answer 9

Anterior aspect of superior border

Question 10

What vessels enter and leave the spleen at the hilum?

Answer 10

Splenic artery, splenic vein

Question 11

What impression does the stomach leave on the spleen?

Answer 11

Gastric impression

Question 12

What are erythrocytes?

Answer 12

Red blood cells

Question 13

What is the shape and size of erythrocytes?

Answer 13

Biconvave discs, 6-7um

Question 14

What is the function of platelets?

Answer 14

Form platelet plugs to occlude sites of vascular damage
Provide a surface for accumulation of coagulation proteins complexes
Secrete factors involved in vascular repair

Question 15

What granules do neutrophils have?

Answer 15

Purple granules, granulocyte

Question 16

What is the size of a neutrophil?

Answer 16

12-14um

Question 17

How is the nucleus of a neutrophil described?

Answer 17

Multilobed

Question 18

What proportion of the differential count does the neutrophil account for?

Answer 18

40-75%

Question 19

What is the function of the neutrophil?

Answer 19

Phagocytic, involved in acute inflammatory response

Question 20

What type of granules does a basophil have?

Answer 20

Deep blue, granulocyte

Question 21

What size is the basophil?

Answer 21

14-16um

Question 22

What is the nucleus of a basophil like?

Answer 22

Bilobed, obscured by granules

Question 23

What proportion of differential count does the basophil account for?

Answer 23

Less than 1%

Question 24

What is the function of the basophil?

Answer 24

Releases histamine and heparin, involved in immune response

Question 25

Is a lymphocyte a granulocyte or agranulocyte?

Answer 25

Agranulocyte

Question 26

What size is a lymphocyte ?

Answer 26

6-9um

Question 27

What is the nucleus of a lymphocyte like?

Answer 27

Large and round, almost fills the cell

Question 28

What proportion of the differential count do lymphocytes account for?

Answer 28

25%

Question 29

What is the function of lymphocytes?

Answer 29

Immune response

Question 30

Are monocytes granulocytes or agranulocytes

Answer 30

Agranulocytes

Question 31

What is the size of a monocyte?

Answer 31

Up to 20um

Question 32

What is the nucleus of a monocyte like?

Answer 32

Indented

Question 33

What proportion of differential count does monocyte account for?

Answer 33

2-10%

Question 34

What is the function of monocyte

Answer 34

Phagocytic

Question 35

Are eosinophils granulocytes or agranulocytes?

Answer 35

Granulocytes - large, red granules

Question 36

What is the size of an eosinophil?

Answer 36

12-17um

Question 37

How is the nucleus of an eosinophil described?

Answer 37

Bilobed

Question 38

What proportion of differential count do eosinophils account for?

Answer 38

1-6%

Question 39

What is the function of eosinophils?

Answer 39

Defence against parasites, involved in allergic reactions