liver lesions Flashcards
what are some benign liver lesions
haemangioma- most common, not treated
follicular nodular hyperplasia - seen in middle ages women, central scar with large artery branches.
what is budd-chiari syndrome? and the classic triad?
hepatic vein thrombosis, 20% is due to the OCP
classic triad of features:
abdominal pain (sudden onset, severe), ascites and
tender hepatomegaly
common causes of chronic liver disease?
NAFLD (commonest cause in western world), alcoholism, hepatitis, primary biliary sclerosis/cholangitis, wilsons disease
what is wilsons disease?
autosomal recessive condition causing excessive copper deposition in tissue
treatment for wilsons disease?
penicillamine to clear the copper
investigation for wilsons disease?
slit lamp examination for Kayser-Fleischer rings
what is the marker for hepatocellular carcinoma?
AFP
a child born with polycystic liver disease if probably suffering from what?
ADPKD
what is the commonest cause of NAFLD?
obesity
features of NAFLD?
steatosis (seen on USS), fibrosis, cirrhosis
name two liver storage diseases
haemochromatosis
wilsons disease
what is haemochromatosis?
autosomal recessive, iron accumulation, bronze skin, raised serum ferratin/transferrin saturation. treatment: venesection (phlebotomy)
what is wilsons disease?
atosomal recessive, copper accumulation in tissue, raised serum ceruloplasmin, reduced serum copper, increase in 24hr urinary copper excretion.
wilsons disease can lead to renal tubular acidosis
what is liver cirrhosis?
irreversible, end-stage liver disease
bands of fibrous tissue separating nodules of degenerating hepatocytes
clinical features of liver cirrhosis?
decompensated: encephalopathy, jaundice, coagulopathy, portal hypertension, oesophageal varices, renal failure, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, hepatorenal syndrome
