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Surgery > Liver & Gallbladder > Flashcards

Liver & Gallbladder Flashcards

1
Q

Pringle’s Maneuver compresses the following structures

A

Portal vein
Hepatic artery
Common bile duct

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2
Q

Digitoclasty

A

Finger fracture of the liver

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3
Q

Segments of the liver

A 
1: Caudate
2 & 3: L lateral
4: L medial
5 & 8: R anterior lobe
6 & 7: R posterior lobe
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4
Q

Venous drainage of the caudate lobe

A

Drains directly to the IVC (bypasses the Hepatic vein)

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5
Q

The liver synthesizes all clotting factors except:

A

Factor VIII

Produced in the epithelium

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6
Q

Prothrombin time

A

Extrinsic Pathway

Factors II, V, VII, X, Fibrinogen

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7
Q

Partial Prothrombin Time (aPTT)

A

Intrinsic Pathway

Factors II, V, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII

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8
Q

Supplies the Celiac trunk

A

L Gastric a.
Splenic a.
Hepatic a.

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9
Q

Intrahepatic causes of jaundice

A

Gilbert’s syndrome
Cringer-Najjar syndrome
Dubin-Johnson/Rotors syndrome
Hepatitis

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10
Q

Measures the synthetic function of the liver

A 
Albumin
Clotting factors (aPTT & PT)
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11
Q

Portal pressure

A

5-10mmHg

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12
Q

Most significant manifestation of Portal HPN

A 
Esophageal varices
(Bleeds at 12mmHg)
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13
Q

Congestive hepatopathy due to obstruction to venous outflow

A

Budd-Chiari Syndrome

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14
Q

Anti-cardiolipin bodies

A

Leptospirosis
Syphilis
Budd-Chiari Syndrome

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15
Q

Amebic liver abscess

A

Entamoeba histolytica
Infective stage: cyst
Pathologic stage: trophozoite

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16
Q

Common location of Amebic liver abscess

A

Superoanterior aslect of the R lobe

17
Q

Diagnostic test for amebic liver abscess

A

Fluorescent antibody test

18
Q

Hydatid cyst

A

Echinococcus granulosus

19
Q

US/CT finding of Hydatid cyst

A

Ring-like calcifications

20
Q

Dual-phase CT scan finding of Hemangioma

A

Asymmetrical peripheral enhancement with progressive centripetal enhancement

21
Q

Risk factor for Hepatic Adenoma

A

Prior use of oral contraceptives

22
Q

Most common etiology of liver metastasis

A

Colonic CA

Rectal CA

23
Q

Risk factors for Hepatocellular CA

A 
Cirrhosis
Hepatitis B or C
Alcoholic
Hemochromatosis
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
24
Q

Triangle of Calot

A

Superior: Inferior portion of the liver
Medial: common hepatic duct
Inferior: cystic duct

25
Q

Promotes gallbladder contraction

A

Vagus

Cholecystokinin

26
Q

Inhibits gallbladder contraction

A

VIP

Somatostatin

27
Q

Regulates flow of bile and pancreatic juice into the duodenum

A

Sphincter of Oddi

28
Q

Black pigment stone

A

Small, brittle, spiculated
Ca bilirubinate, carbonate, phosphate
CI: hemolytic ds & cirrhosis

29
Q

Brown pigment stones

A

Soft & mushy

CI: bacterial infections or bile stasis

30
Q

Charcot’s triad

A

Fever
Jaundice
RUQ pain

31
Q

Most common presentation of Bile Duct CA (Cholangiocarcinoma)

A

Painless jaundice

32
Q

Most specific tumor marker for the biliary system and pancreas

A

CA 19-9

33
Q

Most common site of Cholangiocarcinoma

A

Hepatic duct bifurcation

Surgery (11 decks)

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