Inflammation & Metabolism

Question 1

Induces muscle breakdown and cachexia

Answer 1

TNF alpha

Question 2

Induces fever through prostaglandin activity

Answer 2

Interleukin 1

Question 3

Promotes lymphocyte proliferation and IG production

Answer 3

Interleukin 2

Question 4

Mediator of acute phase response

Answer 4

Interleukin 6

Question 5

Activates macrophages via TH1 cells

Found 5-7 days after injury

Answer 5

Interferon gamma

Question 6

Increased in parasitic infections and hypersensitivity reactions

Answer 6

Histamine

Question 7

Basal caloric requirement of a normal healthy adult

Answer 7

25 kcal/kg per day

Question 8

Potentially lethal condition that can occur with rapid and excessive feeding of patients with severe underlying malnutrition

Answer 8

Refeeding syndrome

Question 9

Primary source of energy during the stressed state

Answer 9

Fat (50-80%)

Question 10

Condition brought about by prolonged parenteral nutrition with fat free solutions.
PE: dry, scaly dermatitis and alopecia

Answer 10

Essential fatty acid deficiency

Question 11

Trace mineral deficiency that causes diffuse eczematoid rash at intertriginous areas

Answer 11

Zinc deficiency

Question 12

Initial enteric formula used for majority of surgical patients with intact GI tract that provides a caloric density of 1.0kcal/mL

Answer 12

Low residue isotonic formula

Question 13

Replacement fluid used in closed head injuries. Causes increase cerebral perfusion and decreases intracranial pressure

Answer 13

D5 7% NSS