Liver Exam (A&P/Pathology)

Question 1

All of the following describe normal portal venous flow except:

Answer 1

a. phasic flow.
b. spontaneous flow.
c. hepatofugal flow.*
d. low-flow velocity

Question 2

Blood flow to the caudate lobe is supplied by the

Answer 2

a. hepatic artery.
b. right portal vein.
c. left portal vein.
d. right and left portal vein*

Question 3

Cholesterol is most commonly is associated with __________ metabolism.

Answer 3

fat

Question 4

T/F: Glycogenesis is most commonly associated with carbohydrate metabolism.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

Kupffer cells are specialized liver cells that play a major role in the body’s

Answer 5

a. defense.**
b. storage capacity.
c. nutrition.
d. fat emulsification.

Question 6

The falciform ligament extends from the umbilicus to the diaphragm in a parasagittal plane containing the:

Answer 6

a. ligamentum teres.*
b. ligamentum venosum.
c. quadratus ligamentum.
d. ligamentum falciforme.

Question 7

The liver is composed of ________ lobes.

Answer 7

a. three*
b. two
c. six
d. four

Question 8

The liver is suspended from the diaphragm and anterior abdominal wall by the:

Answer 8

a. triangular ligament.
b. round ligament.
c. ligamentum teres.
d. falciform ligament*

Question 9

The main lobar fissure represents a

Answer 9

a. division between the medial and lateral portions of the left lobe.
b. marker identifying the falciform ligament.
c. landmark fissure of the caudate lobe.
d. boundary between the right and left lobes.*

Question 10

The normal sonographic appearance of the liver is

Answer 10

Answers:
a. decreased in echogenicity relative to the kidney.
b. heterogeneous.
c. hyperechoic compared to the pancreas.
d. homogeneous.*

Question 11

What to look for if patient has no gallbladder

Answer 11

Main Portal Fissure

Question 12

The portal system supplies _____ of the total blood flow to the liver.

Answer 12

Answers:
a. 25%
b. 50%
c. 30%
d. 75%*

Question 13

The portal veins and hepatic arteries enter the liver and the hepatic ducts exit through the

Answer 13

a. pouch of Morrison.
b. lesser sac
c. porta hepatis.**
d. foramen of Winslow.

Question 14

The three main tributaries to the portal confluence are the inferior mesenteric vein, the superior mesenteric vein, and the

Answer 14

a. splenic vein.**
b. gastroduodenal vein.
c. portal vein.
d. left gastric vein.

Question 15

“A tongue-like extension of the right lobe of the liver” describes a(n)

Answer 15

a. accessory liver.
b. Riedel’s lobe**.
c. direct papillary process.
d. quadrate lobe.

Question 16

The liver occupies a major portion of the _____________ region.

Answer 16

a. umbilical
b. right hypochondriac*
c. hypogastric
d. epigastric

Question 17

A main portal vein that measures greater then _______ is indicative but not definitive for portal hypertension.

Answer 17

a. 10 mm
b. 13 mm*
c. 18 mm
d. 20 mm

Question 18

A patent re-canalized umbilical vein is a complication of portal hypertension. It would be located in the area of the:

Answer 18

a. ligamentum venosum
b. main lobar fissure
c. ligamentum teres*
d. hepatoduodenal space

Question 19

An ultrasound evaluation of liver cirrhosis should include a search for which associated complication?

Answer 19

a. Biliary dilatation
b. Splenic infarction
c. Mesenteric ischemia
d. Portal hypertension*

Question 20

Budd-Chiari syndrome may present sonographically as:

Answer 20

a. enlargement of the liver with relative sparing of the caudate lobe*
b. shrinkage of the liver with relative sparing of the caudate lobe
c. hepatic atrophy and splenomegaly
d. visual thrombus within the portal-splenic venous system

Question 21

Cirrhosis can be described as:

Answer 21

a. focal liver disease
b. severe fatty infiltration
c. the most common malignancy of the liver
d. end-stage liver disease*

Question 22

Fattly liver is a ___________ process.

Answer 22

a. Fatal
b. Irreversible
c. Indirect
d. Reversible*

Question 23

Glycogen storage disease is associated with:

Answer 23

a. diabetes mellitus
b. liver cell adenoma*
c. pancreatic insufficiency
d. focal nodular hyperplasia

Question 24

Hepatitis is frequently caused by:

Answer 24

a. a virus*
b. cirrhosis
c. ascites
d. a metabolic disorder

Question 25

Jaundice is due to a buildup of __________ in the body

Answer 25

a. glycogen
b. urea
c.heparin
d. bilirubin*

Question 26

This patient has mildly elevated liver function tests. He is moderately obese but is otherwise in satisfactory health. The findings of his liver sonogram reveal picture:

Answer 26

a. portal hypertension
b. fatty infiltration*
c. primary biliary cirrhosis
d. simple cysts

Question 27

This patient has a prior history of breast cancer. She has undergone mastectomy and chemotherapy. She now presents with liver lesions which most likely represent? picture

Answer 27

a. candidiasis
b. hemorrhagic cysts
c. surgical induced hematomas
d. metastitis*

Question 28

This patient has no known previous health concerns and now presents for a general check up. The sonogram demonstrates the following benign liver mass

Answer 28

a. lipoma
b. simple cyst*
c. polycystic liver
d. cavernous hemangioma

Question 29

Which of the following describes a common sonographic appearance of a fatty liver?

Answer 29

a. Increased through transmission throughout a hypoechoic liver
b. Increased echogenicity of the liver compared to the normal kidney*
c. Focal hypoechoic masses throughout both lobes of the liver
d. Shrunken liver with surface nodularity

Question 30

Typical cavernous hemangioma would be LEAST likely to appear sonographically:

Answer 30

a. as an echogenic lesion with acoustic enhancement
b. a small, hyperechoic lesion in the right lobe of the liver
c. as a smooth-walled, echo-free structure*
d. well demarcated, hyperechoic lesion without halo

Question 31

A recanalized paraumbilical vein may be seen as a result of which of the following?

Answer 31

a. Hepatic adenoma
b. Hepatitis
c. Portal Hypertension*
d. Hepatic trauma