liver disease Flashcards
what is acute liver failure
Any insult to the liver causing damage in a previously normal liver less than 6 months in duration. Defined as causing encephalopathy and deranged coagulation
what can cause acute liver disease
- Viral (hepatitis A, B, C, D, E, CMV, EBV and toxoplasmosis)
- Drugs
- shock liver
- cholangitis
- Alcohol
- malignancy
- chronic liver disease,
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Rare: Budd Chiari, AFLP, cholestasis of pregnancy
what are clinical features of acute liver disease
- jaundice
- small liver
- signs of hepatic encephalopathy
- drowsiness
- confusion
- fetor hepaticus
- cerebral oedema
- nausea
- pain in upper right abdomen
what investigations should be carried out for acute liver disease
- routine tests
- high hiperbilirubinaemia, high serum aminotransferases and low level of coagulation factors
- electroencephalogram (EEG) is sometimes useful in grading the encephalopathy
- ultrasound
what is the management for acute liver disease
- supportive therapy
- mannitol when increased intracranial pressure
- no alcohol
- liver transplant
what is autoimmune hepatitis
Autoimmune hepatitis is liver inflammation that occurs when your body’s immune system turns against liver cells. The exact cause of autoimmune hepatitis is unclear, but genetic and enviromental factors appear to interact over time in triggering the disease
what are clinical features of autoimmune hepatitis
PERI- and POSTMENO- pausal group, the patients may be asymptomatic or present with fatigue and abnormalitie sin biochemistry or the presence of
- fever
- malaise
- urticarial rash
- polyarthritis
- pleurisy
- pulmonary infiltrates
- gradual jaundice
what does autoimmune hepatitis in teens and early twenties present with
type 2
- presents as acute hepatitis
- jaundice
- high aminotransferase
- fever
- migratory polyarthritis
- glomerulonephritis
- pleurisy
- pulmonary infiltrate
- lung fibrosis
