liver cirrrohsis Flashcards
what are the two vessels supplying blood to the liver ?
the hepatic artery and the portal vein
which vessels drains the liver ?
the hepatic vein
what is present in the portal triad ?
bile ductule
portal venule
hepatic artery
what is the flow of blood vs flow of bile in the liver lobule ?
blood flows from the hepatic artery and portal venule to the central vein
the bile is in the opposite direction of the blood
what is the significance of the different zones of the hepatic lobule ?
zone 1 , 2 and 3
the more peripheral the higher the concentration of oxygen
the closer to the central vein the higher the metabolic liver activity
type of liver cirrhosis ?
1- post hepatitic cirrhosis
2- alcoholic cirrhosis (laennec’s cirrhosis )
3- post-necrotic cirrhosis
4- primary biliary cirrhosis
5- secondary biliary cirrhosis ( prolonged obstruction of extrahepatic ducts )
6- congenital metabolic diseases
is there hepatomegaly in cirrhosis ?
size is commonly reduced except in biliary cirrhosis
what are the distinctive colour changes in liver cirrhosis ?
yellow - fatty orr alcoholic liver
green - biliary cirrhosis
dark brown - hemochromatosis
what are the different stages of liver cirrhosis ?
stage 1: no varicies, no ascites
stage 2: varicies, no ascites
stage 3: bleeding
stage 4: first non bleeding decompensation
stage 5: second decompensation
what is the HVPG in stage 1 and stage 2 ?
5-12 mmHg
what is the HVPG in stages 3 to 5 ?
> 12 mmhg
what is the gold standard for the measurement of portal hypertension ?
hepatic venous pressure gradient
how is a diagnosis of liver cirrhosis made ?
examination
US , CT
Fibroscan
Noninvasive methods
Liver Biopsy
what are the examination findings on hands of a cirrhotic patients ?
clubbing
palmar erythema
dupuytren’s contracture
leukonychia
liver flap
what can be seen on the chest of a cirrhotic patient ?
Gynaecomastia, lack of secondary sexual hair, spider naevi
