Liver Flashcards
How many lobes has the liver?
4 Right Left Caudate Quadrate
What ligament attaches the liver to the diaphragm?
Falciform ligament
Describe the distribution of blood supply to the liver:
20% from Hepatic Artery
80% from Hepatic portal vein
What proportion of resting cardiac output is delivered to the liver?
25%
What is the purpose of the Hepatic Artery?
Supplies typical molecules to Liver
e.g. O2, Glucose etc.
What is the purpose of the Hepatic Portal Vein?
Passes ALL products of absorption through the liver
Describe the basic morphology of the liver:
Lobes containing Lobules
What are the two types of vessels present in liver lobules?
Hepatic Sinusoids
Bile Canals
What feeds the Hepatic sinusoids?
Portal vein
H artery
What does the portal triad contain?
Portal vein
H artery
Bile duct
Where are the portal triads located?
Outside of lobules
How much oxygen does blood in hepatic sinusoids contain?
Not much, as 80% from portal vein
What are the four main roles of the LIver?
Digestion
Biosynthesis
Energy metabolism
Degradation/Detoxification
What are the 5 main cell types in the Liver?
Hepatocytes 80% Endothelial cells Cholangiocytes Kupffer cells Hepatic stellate cells
Where are Kupffer cells found?
Hepatic sinusoids
Where are stellate cells found?
In the Space of disse between endothelial cells and Hepatocytes
Which cells produce bile?
Hepatocytes
What do Hepatic stellate cells do?
Vitamin A storage Produce ECM (fibrogenesis)
What is cirrhosis caused by?
Fibrosis
Replacement of hepatocytes with fibrotic tissue by stellate cells
What is a prominent feature of sinusoidal endothelial cells?
Very fenestrated to allow lipid and other large molecules to move to and from hepatocytes
What do kupffer cells do?
Phagocytosis
RBC breakdown
Secretion of cytokines that promote Stellate cell activation
What is the effect of cytokines from kupffer cells on stellate cells?
Proliferation, contraction and fibrosis
How many hours worth of glycogen does the liver store?
24h
