liver Flashcards
hepatic portal vein
- a high conc of digested food products
- from interestines
hepatic artery
oxygenated blood
from aorta
hepatic vein
blood leaves liver to vena cava
deoxygenenated blood
what is the name of cells of liver called
hepatocytes
what is the liver made of
several lobes
what does hepatocytes consist of
- microvilli
- golgi apparantus
- RER
- glycogen
- mitrochondria
- plasma memberane
what is kupffer cells
- attached to sinusiods
it break down harmful
increase in blood glucose
- detects beta cells
- insulin is secreated and attatch to target surface
- incrase in permbility of target cell to glucose
- activities enzyme that converts
glucose to glycogen
decrease in bloood glucose
- detects alpha cells
- secrete glucagon
- attach to receptor
so glycogen to glucose
type 1 diabetes
no insulin
type 2 diabetes
fewer insulin receptor and less sensitivite response to insulin
transmination - protein metabolism
transferred to keto acids and new amino acids is produce
essential amino acids
come from diet
non-essential amino acids
made in the body
what is biliverdin
irons from heam metabolism is a green pigments
billirbin
is a yellow component of bile
transferrin
iron can combin to plasma membrane to be re-used
what does lipoprotein contains
- troglycerol
- cholesterol
- phospholipids
- apolipoprotein
what is a lipoloprotein
-chylomicrons
- VLDL
- LDL
- HDL
Ethanol metabolisms
ethonal to acetaldehyde by ADH
acetaldehdye to acetate by ALDH
ADH
Alcohol dehydrogenase
ALDH
aldehyde dehydroganase
symptoms of alochol liver disease
feeling sick
weight loss
yellow eyes and skin
vomiting blood
confusion and drowsiness
alcohol hepatitis influnced by
- genetic factors
- liver disorder
malunutrient
concurrent consumption of food
what is hepatitis
is an inflammation of liver condition
what is a cirrhosis
is a scarring of the liver
what enzyme is contained in the hepatocytes that is associate with drug metabolism
cytochrome P450 group
drug metabolism phase 1 and 2
phase1 -
oxidation by the enzyme cytochrome pa450
phase 2-
conjugation
attach to ionise group
occurs in the cytoplasm of heptocyte
describe how the drugs is metaoblisme by the liver
- cytochrome P450 enzyme
- phase 1 oxidation
- drug may be extracted it water soluable
- phase 2 conjugation
- addition of an ionised group making it more soluable
- exatracted in bile and urine
vitamin E
fat -Soluble antioxidant
vitamin C
water soluble antitoxidant
beta- carotene
- precursor to vitamin A
phosphorus
- nucleic acids
- muscle dysfunction and weakness
potassium
-nervous conductance
- muscle weakness
sodium
- nervous conductnace
- Na+ homeostasis
Mg
bone and tooth structure
Ca
bone and tooth structure
manganese
bone development
iron
heam group in heamgloin and mylogloin
anaemia
flourine
component of tooth and bone
flourine
component of tooth and bone
