liver Flashcards

1
Q

hepatic portal vein

A
  • a high conc of digested food products
  • from interestines
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2
Q

hepatic artery

A

oxygenated blood
from aorta

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3
Q

hepatic vein

A

blood leaves liver to vena cava
deoxygenenated blood

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4
Q

what is the name of cells of liver called

A

hepatocytes

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5
Q

what is the liver made of

A

several lobes

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6
Q

what does hepatocytes consist of

A
  • microvilli
  • golgi apparantus
  • RER
  • glycogen
  • mitrochondria
  • plasma memberane
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7
Q

what is kupffer cells

A
  • attached to sinusiods
    it break down harmful
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8
Q

increase in blood glucose

A
  • detects beta cells
  • insulin is secreated and attatch to target surface
  • incrase in permbility of target cell to glucose
  • activities enzyme that converts
    glucose to glycogen
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9
Q

decrease in bloood glucose

A
  • detects alpha cells
  • secrete glucagon
  • attach to receptor
    so glycogen to glucose
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10
Q

type 1 diabetes

A

no insulin

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11
Q

type 2 diabetes

A

fewer insulin receptor and less sensitivite response to insulin

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12
Q

transmination - protein metabolism

A

transferred to keto acids and new amino acids is produce

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13
Q

essential amino acids

A

come from diet

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14
Q

non-essential amino acids

A

made in the body

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15
Q

what is biliverdin

A

irons from heam metabolism is a green pigments

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16
Q

billirbin

A

is a yellow component of bile

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17
Q

transferrin

A

iron can combin to plasma membrane to be re-used

18
Q

what does lipoprotein contains

A
  • troglycerol
  • cholesterol
  • phospholipids
  • apolipoprotein
19
Q

what is a lipoloprotein

A

-chylomicrons
- VLDL
- LDL
- HDL

20
Q

Ethanol metabolisms

A

ethonal to acetaldehyde by ADH
acetaldehdye to acetate by ALDH

21
Q

ADH

A

Alcohol dehydrogenase

22
Q

ALDH

A

aldehyde dehydroganase

23
Q

symptoms of alochol liver disease

A

feeling sick
weight loss
yellow eyes and skin
vomiting blood
confusion and drowsiness

24
Q

alcohol hepatitis influnced by

A
  • genetic factors
  • liver disorder
    malunutrient
    concurrent consumption of food
25
what is hepatitis
is an inflammation of liver condition
26
what is a cirrhosis
is a scarring of the liver
27
what enzyme is contained in the hepatocytes that is associate with drug metabolism
cytochrome P450 group
28
drug metabolism phase 1 and 2
phase1 - oxidation by the enzyme cytochrome pa450 phase 2- conjugation attach to ionise group occurs in the cytoplasm of heptocyte
29
describe how the drugs is metaoblisme by the liver
- cytochrome P450 enzyme - phase 1 oxidation - drug may be extracted it water soluable - phase 2 conjugation - addition of an ionised group making it more soluable - exatracted in bile and urine
30
vitamin E
fat -Soluble antioxidant
31
vitamin C
water soluble antitoxidant
32
beta- carotene
- precursor to vitamin A
33
phosphorus
- nucleic acids - muscle dysfunction and weakness
34
potassium
-nervous conductance - muscle weakness
35
sodium
- nervous conductnace - Na+ homeostasis
36
Mg
bone and tooth structure
37
Ca
bone and tooth structure
38
manganese
bone development
39
iron
heam group in heamgloin and mylogloin anaemia
40
flourine
component of tooth and bone
41
flourine
component of tooth and bone