Liver

Question 1

Weight of the liver

Answer 1

1.2 - 1.5 kg

Question 2

The lobes of the liver is divided by the (what ligament)

Answer 2

Falciform ligament

Question 3

Volume of blood that travels through the liver

Answer 3

1500mL per minute

Question 4

It is the microscopic, functional unit of the liver

Answer 4

Lobules

Question 5

What makes up the lobules of the liver

Answer 5

Parenchymal cells (hepatocytes)

Question 6

These are epithelial liver cells that makes bile, bilirubin, proteins, and other activities

Answer 6

Hepatocytes/Parenchymal cells

Question 7

Parenchymal cells (hepatocytes) are arranged around the ___ and a ___

Answer 7

Portal triads and a central vein

Question 8

Describe how the parenchymal cells (hepatocytes) are organized

Answer 8

Highly organized with active organelles

Question 9

This organelle is the site of drug detoxification, bilirubin conjugation, and cholesterol synthesis

Answer 9

Smooth ER

Question 10

This organelle is the site of protein synthesis, enzymes and coagulation factors

Answer 10

Rough ER

Question 11

This organelle receives proteins and attaches them to carbohydrates and lipids forming glycoproteins and lipoproteins

Answer 11

Golgi complex

Question 12

This organelle is active for oxidative phosphorylation and fatty acid oxidation

Answer 12

Mitochondria

Question 13

This organelle is for active protein breakdown

Answer 13

Lysosomes

Question 14

This organelle maintains the hepatocyte structure

Answer 14

Microtubules and microfilaments

Question 15

How many % does portal vein provide incoming blood from the GIT

Answer 15

75%

Question 16

This structure is where the nutrients from the GIT diffuses to enter the hepatocytes

Answer 16

Sinusoidal membranes

Question 17

This is where the metabolic process takes place

Answer 17

Sinusoidal membranes

Question 18

This plays a role in removing fluids from the liver

Answer 18

Lymphatic vessels

Question 19

This is the part of the lobule that is responsible for carrying the bile out of the liver and into the common bile duct

Answer 19

Biliary canaliculi

Question 20

Resident liver macrophages of the liver

Answer 20

Kupffer cells

Question 21

Enumerate liver functions

Answer 21

Synthetic function
Excretory and secretory
Detoxification and drug metabolism
Storage

Question 22

What does the liver do to carbohydrates (synthetic function)

Answer 22

Process glucose for energy use or for storage (glycogenolysis, glycogenesis, gluconeogenesis)

Question 23

What does the liver do to lipids (synthetic function)

Answer 23

Gathers lipids for Acetyl-CoA
Process TAG, phospholipids, and cholesterol
Removes or transport proteins

Question 24

What does the liver do to proteins (synthetic function)

Answer 24

All plasma proteins are produced in the liver except hemoglobin and immunoglobulins

Question 25

Detoxification function of the liver includes

Answer 25

Carboxylation
Oxidation
Reduction
Hydrolysis
Hydroxylation
Demthylation

Question 26

True or false: detoxification function of the liver includes modifying the compound to be excreted chemically

Answer 26

True

Question 27

What does the liver do to the foreign materials under detoxification function

Answer 27

Inactivates it by binding to it

Question 28

Where must every substances absorbed in the GIT pass first

Answer 28

Liver to detoxify

Question 29

This function is the referred to as the first pass or the “gate keeper”

Answer 29

Detoxification

Question 30

If the drug or agent comes from the GIT where must it first pass

Answer 30

Liver to detoxify