Liver

Question 1

The largest organ

Answer 1

liver

Question 2

One of the major vessels in the liver that provides most of the O2 requirement

Answer 2

Hepatic artery

Question 3

The structural unit of liver

Answer 3

Lobule

Question 4

Comprises the lobules

Answer 4

Hepatocytes

Question 5

Composition of the bile

Answer 5

bile acids/salts, cholesterol and other blood subs.

Question 6

General function of the bile

Answer 6

Digestion and absorption of lipids

Question 7

2 Primary Bile acids

Answer 7

Cholic acid
Chenodeoxycholic acid

Question 8

How much bilirubin is produced daily?

Answer 8

200-300 mg

Question 9

Enzyme that converts bilirubin 1 into bilirubin 2 (diglucuronide ester)

Answer 9

Uridyldiphosphate Glucuronyl Transferase

Question 10

The oxidation of urobilinogen produces the red-brown pigment Urobilin, which is excreted in the stool in the form of what?

Answer 10

Stercobilin

Question 11

Why is there no bilirubinuria in pre-hepatic jaundice?

Answer 11

Because bilirubin is not water-soluble and is attached to albumin

Question 12

The more common type of jaundice

Answer 12

Hepatic jaundice

Question 13

Impaired cellular uptake of bilirubin

Answer 13

Gilbert syndrome

Question 14

Defective excretion of bilirubin is manifested in_____ syndrome and _________syndrome

Answer 14

Dubin-Johnson, Rotor’s syndrome

Question 15

Deficiency in enzyme UDPG-T

Answer 15

Crigler-Najjar syndrome

Question 16

Stool becomes clay-colored in what type of jaundice?

Answer 16

Posthepatic

Question 17

[True or False] Conjugated bilirubin is elevated in posthepatic jaundice.

Answer 17

True

Question 18

Enumerate 6 functions of the liver

Answer 18

• Plasma protein production
  -Blood clotting factors (except factor VIII)
  -Conversion of ammonia to urea
  -CHO metabolism
  -Fat metabolism
  -Formation of ketone bodies
  -Storage site for ADEK and some water-soluble vitamins
  -Major site for metabolic clearance of hormones
  -Synthesis of enzymes
  -Detoxification of drugs

Question 19

A serious CNS disorder of infants resulting from increased bilirubin levels resulting to undeveloped blood-brain barrier

Answer 19

Kernicterus

Question 20

A liver disorder derived from the Greek word which means “Yellow”

Answer 20

Cirrhosis

Question 21

Lab findings of cirrhosis

Answer 21

Elevated B1 and B2, slightly increased AST and ALT

Question 22

Results when the blood flow through the portal vein is obstructed

Answer 22

Portal obstruction

Question 23

Arises in children following a viral infection and also related to aspirin therapy

Answer 23

Reye’s syndrome

Question 24

[True or False] Liver functions are always abnormal, but bilirubin is usually not elevated in Reye’s syndrome

Answer 24

True

Question 25

There is impaired production and release of bile salts, resulting to impaired digestion of lipids

Answer 25

Primary Biliary Cirrhosis

Question 26

Refers to yellowish discoloration of the skin and sclera

Answer 26

Jaundice (Icterus)