Lipids and Lipoproteins Flashcards
Major constituent of triglycerides and phospholipids
Fatty Acid
Breakdown of triglycerides is facilitated by what?
Lipoprotein lipase and epinephrine and cortisol
It causes turbidity in serum
Triglycerides
What are the 2 forms of Cholesterol and their percentage composition?
Free Cholesterol (30%)
Cholesterol Ester (70%)
The enzyme responsible for esterification of Cholesterol
Lecithin Cholesterol Transferase (LCAT)
It activates the LCAT
Apo A-I
Where is the major site of cholesterol synthesis
Liver
The most abundant form of lipids
Phospholipids
its functions are:
- manufacture and repair of cell membranes
- synthesis of bile acids and vit D
- precursor of steroid hormones
Cholesterol
It acts as detergent
Phospholipid
Enumerate the three forms of phospholipids
Lecithin/Phosphatidyl choline
Sphingomyelin
Phosphatidyl ethanolamine and phosphatidyl serine
It interact with specific cell-surface receptors and direct the lipids to the correct target tissues
Apolipoproteins
The major structural protein in HDL
Apo A-I
Primary structural protein in chylomicrons
Apo B-100
Major source of Apo A-I
Liver and intestine
May inhibit plasminogen binding
Apo (a)
[Electrophoretic mobility of Lipoproteins]
From origin to alpha
chylomicron, VLDL, LDL, HDL
Known as the Direct Cholesterol Transport Pathway
LDL
Aka Reverse Cholesterol Transport Pathway
HDL
It is the most abundant component of HDL composition
Apolipoproteins
Major carriers of exogenous triglycerides
Chylomicrons
It is a ligand for LDL receptor
Apo B-100
The sinking pre-beta lipoprotein
Lipoprotein (a)
Found in patients with obstructive biliary disease and in patients with LCAT deficiency
LpX lipoprotein
