lithiase Flashcards

1
Q

incidence
age et sexe

A

incidence 4 à 10%
age :pic vers 40 ans h>f
responsables de 80% de c nephritique

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2
Q

origine la plus freq

A

oxalocalcique

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3
Q

etapes lithogenese

A

nucleation
croissance cristalline
agregation cristalline
retention de critsaux

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4
Q

la croissance cristalline depend de

A

1-sursaturation
2-nature du cristal
3-structure du cristal
4-concentration des inhibiteurs de la croissance

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5
Q

meilleurs inhibiteurs de croissance

A

1-Mg²+
3-pyrophsphates
4-fragments d’ARN
5-glycosaminoglycanes
6-Nephrocalcine
7-proteine de Tamm Horsfall

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6
Q

nucleation homogene

A

cystine

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7
Q

calcul calcique

A

hypercalciurie >300 mg/24h
hyperoxalurie
diurese <1000ml/24h

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8
Q

oxalate de calcium monohydraté

A

1-oxalodependant
2-les plus freq
3-caliciel
4-resistante au LEC
5-deux etilogies : hyperoxalurie de concentration et hyperoxalurie primaire

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9
Q

hyperoxalurie

A

1-de concentration : apport hydrique insuffisant et consommation excessive d’oxalate
2- primaire : sd de malabsorption et facteur de stase

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10
Q

oxalate dihydraté

A

1-calcium dependants
2-spiculé de grande taille
3-pyelocalicielle
4-les plus freq chez femme

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11
Q

phosphate calcique

A

1-pH alcalin
2-carbapatite
3-recidivants
4-volumineux

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12
Q

causes calcul phosphate calcique et magnesien

A

1-acidose tubulaire
2-hypercalciurie
3-hyperparathyroidie primaire
4-infection chronique
5-medic: anhydrase carbonique ; acetazolamide ; topiramate ; dichlorphenamide

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13
Q

calcul phospho mg

A

1-coralliforme struvite
2-pH alcalin
3-lithogenese infectieuse :ureasique
4-femme

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14
Q

germes ureasiques

A

1-proteus mirabilis++++
2-klebsiella pneumoniae
3-pseudomonas aeroginosa
4-staph
5-serratia
6-enterobacter
7-ureaplasma urealyticum type D2
8-corynebactreium type d2
9-citrobacter

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15
Q

brushite

A

hydrogeno phosphate de calcium
calcium dependants
pH acide
etiologie : hyperparath primaire

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16
Q

calcul calcium dependant

A

brushite
oxalate dihydraté

17
Q
A