Literature - des aspects techniques Flashcards
1
Q
ouvert
A
open to interpretation, subjective
2
Q
se rendre
A
to realise
3
Q
versification
A
versification, state of being in verse form not prose form
4
Q
un vers
A
a line of poetry according to syllables
5
Q
syllable
A
un morceau de langage prononcé en un seul mouvement articulatoire complet
6
Q
strophes
A
a stanza / paragraph
7
Q
Vers with 1 syllable
A
monosyllable
8
Q
Vers with 2 syllables
A
disyllable
9
Q
Vers with 3 syllables
A
trisyllable
10
Q
Vers with 4 syllables
A
tétrasyllable
11
Q
Vers with 5 syllables
A
pentasyllable
12
Q
Vers with 6 syllables
A
hexasyallble
13
Q
Vers with 7 syllables
A
septasyllable
14
Q
Vers with 8 syallables
A
octosyllable
15
Q
Vers with 9 syllable
A
ennéasyllable
16
Q
Vers with 10 syllable
A
décasyllable
17
Q
Vers with 11 syllable
A
hendécasyllable
18
Q
Vers with 12 syllable
A
alexandrin
19
Q
syllabation
A
syllabification; division of words in syllables
20
Q
un morceau
A
a piece, a unit
21
Q
articulatoire
A
articulatory
22
Q
langage vs langue
A
langage refers to the broader concept of langauge, langue refers to a particular language system
23
Q
compter
A
to count
24
Q
tenir
A
to hold
25
How does syllabation usually work?
Syllables usually start with a consonant and end with a vowel
To count syllables correctly account for the rules regarding silent 'e's
26
What are the rules of silent 'e's in syllabation?
1. We count the 'e' with a syllable when it is placed in FRONT of a consonant
2. We don't count the 'e' when it is placed IN FRONT of a vowel (double vowel), or when it is at the end of a line
27
What is the purpose of syllabation?
to count syllables in order to determine type of vers
28
La synérèse
émission de deux voyelles en une seule syllable
Phonological process that combines 2 adjacent vowels into a single vowel or dipthong. Type of contraction/elision
29
La diérèse
émission de deux voyelles en deux syllables
Two adjacent vowels are pronounced separately
30
What is the process of analysing the vers?
1. Compter le nombres de syllables
2. Chercher des groupes rythmiques
31
What does the rule of rhythmic groups say?
Selon les groupes rythmiques, le vers se divise en deux parties (plus ou moins égales). Ces deux parties s'apellent des hémistiches.
32
hémistiches
les deux parties de vers (égales) separé avec une césure
33
césure
la coupure entre les hémistiches (caesura)
34
Only lines with more than HOW MANY syllables will have a caesura?
7
35
enchaînés
strung (together)
36
rimes
rhymes
37
Stanza with 2 lines?
distique
38
Stanza with 3 lines?
tercet
39
Stanza with 4 lines?
quatrain
40
Stanzas with 5 lines?
quintil
41
Stanzas with 6 lines?
sizain
42
Stanzas with 7 lines?
septain
43
Stanzas with 8 lines?
huitain
44
Stanzas with 9 lines?
neuvain
45
Stanzas with 10 lines?
dizain
46
Stazas with 11 lines?
onzain
47
Stanzas with 12 lines?
douzain
48
debordé
overflows
49
enjambment
line continues onto the next line
50
What are the 2 types of enjambement?
1. Un rejet - when a part of the line is "rejected" from the previous line even though it is strongly related to that line (moves DOWN)
2. Un contre-rejet - When a part of a line appears at the end of the preceding line even though it is strongly linked to the following line (moves UP)
51
lié
linked
52
How does masculine and feminine rhyme work?
Feminine rhyme ends with the muted e sound
Masculine rhyme ends with any other sound
53
What are the three types of rhyme?
1. Rime pauvre (poor rhyme)
The final vowel of words rhyme
2. Rime suffisante (sufficent rhyme)
The vowel and another sound before or after it rhymes
3. Rime riche (rich rhyme)
TWO vowels and a supporting consonant rhyme
54
What are the three arrangements of rhyme?
1. Rimes plates - aabb (flat rhymes)
mm-ff-mm-ff (a distique of masculine rhyme alternating with feminine rhyme)
2. Rimes croisées - abab
3. Rimes embrassées - abba
55
What are the poetic formes?
1. Free verse / le vers libres
*Traditional free verse
Contains lines of different meters (les vers de mesures différentes) in the same poem
*Modern free verse
No meter
2. Fixed form poetry
Fixed number of lines, stanzas and syllables
56
What are the 3 examples of fixed form poetry?
1. Le sonnet
2. Le rondeau
3. La ballade
57
courantes
common
58
par hasard
by chance
59
dehors
outside
60
Why is considering the form of a poem significant in analysis of meaning?
Each specific form has a particular history, tradition and meaning that will provide insight in undersatdning the poem
61
Le sonnet?
- 14 lines / quatorze vers
- 4 stanzas / quatre strophes
- 1st two stanzas = quatrains with kissed rhyme / les premiers deux strophes sont des quatrains avec la rime embrassée (abba)
- last two stanzas = tercets with either ccd-ccd or ccd-cdc rhyme schemes / les deux strophes dernières sont des tercets avec soit ccd-ccd ou ccd-cdc schéma de rime
62
Le rondeau?
- 3 stanzas: quintil, tercet, quintil
- 13 octosyllabes/décasyllabes built on 2 rimes
- first words of first strophe are repeated in the form of a refrain (outside of the rhyme scheme, not included) and usually italicised at the end of the tercet, and then again at the end of the quintil
63
La ballade?
- trois huitains et un quatrain (all octosyllables vers) with three rimes
- OR trois dizains and un quintil avec des décasyllabes with quatre rimes
64
jeunesse
youth
65
vive
lively
66
l'aube
dawn
67
pleurs
tears
68
point du jour
daybreak
69
arroser
to water
70
feuille
leaf
71
se repose
rests
72
embaument
embalming, perfuming
73
battue
beaten
74
de pluye, pluie
rain
75
ardeur
ardor, great enthusiam or passion
76
languissante
languid, languidly
77
déclose
open
78
ainsi
thus
79
La Parque
Fate
80
cendres
ashes
81
obsèques
funeral
82
larmes
tears
83
panier
basket
84
vif
alive, lively
85
fort
very
86
dépourvue
destitute, impoverished
87
la bise
the cold northern wind
88
morceau
a small piece, a morsel, a small unit
89
mouche
a fly
90
vermisseau
a worm
91
la priant
begging
92
prêter
to lend
93
subsister
to sustain
94
prairai
i will pay
95
foi
faithful
96
prêteuse
lender
97
moindre
lesser
98
emprunteuse
borrower
99
j'en suis fort aise
I am very glad of it
100
ensemble lexical, champ lxical, diction
lexical set, lexical field, diction
101
élargir
widen, billow, expands
102
auguste
divine connotation
103
semeur
sower
104
crépusculaire
twilight
105
assis
seated
106
sous
beneath
107
portail
gate
108
s'éclaire
lights (itself) up
109
baignées
bathed
110
ému
moved
111
les haillons
rags
112
viellard
old man
113
a poignées
by the handfuls
114
la moisson
the harvest
115
sillons
furrows
116
haute
tall
117
profonds
profound, deep
118
fuite
leak, the leaking/passing of days
119
plaine
plain, lowland
120
lance
throw
121
rouvre (re ouvre)
reopens
122
obscur
obscure
123
témoin
witness
124
déployant
deploying
125
voiles
sails
126
l'ombre
shadow
127
mele
mixes
128
remeur
rumour
129
semble
seeming to
130
