List Of Hormones Flashcards
Follicle stimulating hormone FSH
Anterior pituitary, peptide.
Stimulates follicle maturation in females, spermatogenesis in males.
Luteinizing hormone LH
Anterior pituitary, peptide.
Stimulates ovulation in females, testosterone synthesis in males.
Adrenocorticotropic hormone ACTH
Anterior pituitary, peptide.
Stimulates the adrenal cortex to synthesize and secrete corticosteroids (mineralocorticoids (aldosterone) , glucocorticoids (cortisol)).
Thyroid stimulating hormone TSH
Anterior pituitary, peptide
Stimulates the thyroid to produce thyroid hormones
Prolactin
Anterior pituitary, peptide.
Stimulates milk production and secretion
Endorphins
Anterior pituitary, peptide
Decrease sensation of pain, can promote euphoria
Growth hormone GH
Anterior pituitary, peptide
Stimulates bone and muscle growth, raises blood glucose levels (excites thyroid functions, ie metabolism)
Antidiuretic hormone, ADH; vasopressin
Hypothalamus, released by posterior pituitary, peptide
Stimulates water absorption in kidneys by increasing permeability of collecting duct
Oxytocin
Hypothalamus, released by posterior pituitary, peptide
Stimulates uterine contractions during labor, and milk secretion during lactation, may promote bonding behavior
Triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4)
Thyroid, follicular cells, amino acid derivative
Stimulates metabolic activity
Calcitonin
Thyroid, parafollicular or C cells, peptide
Decreases blood calcium concentrations
Parathyroid hormone PTH
Parathyroids, peptide
Increases blood calcium concentrations
Antagonist of calcitonin, which is released by parafollicular cells of the thyroid
Glucocorticoids (cortisol and cortisone)
Adrenal cortex, steroid
Increase blood glucose concentrations, decrease protein synthesis, anti-inflammatory
Mineralocorticoids
Adrenal cortex, steroid, aldosterone is a primary mineralocorticoid.
Increase water absorption in the kidneys by increasing sodium absorption, promote potassium and hydrogen ion excretion.
Epinephrine and norepinephrine
Adrenal medulla, amino acid derivative
Gotta think nervous system when you see epinephrine and norepinephrine, adrenal medulla is nervous tissue in the adrenal glands.
Known as catecholamines. Increase blood glucose concentration and heart rate, dilate, bronchi, alter blood flow patterns.
Glucagon
Pancreas, alpha cells, peptide
Stimulates glycogen breakdown (glycogenolysis), increase blood glucose concentrations
Insulin
Pancreas, beta cells, peptide
Lowers blood glucose concentrations, and promotes anabolic processes
Somatostatin
Pancreas, delta cells, peptide
Suppresses secretion of glucagon and insulin
Testosterone
Testes and adrenal cortex, steroid
Induces the development and maintenance of male reproductive system and male secondary sex characteristics. Testosterone production is stimulated by LH (which is released from the anterior pituitary in response to the hypothalamus releasing GnRH).
Estrogen
Ovary and placenta, steroid
Induces the development and maintenance of female reproductive system, and female secondary sex characteristics. Released in response to FSH.
Progesterone
Ovary, and placenta, steroid
Promotes maintenance of the endometrium
Melatonin
Pineal gland, peptide
Involved in circadian rhythms
Erythropoietin
Kidney, peptide
Stimulates bone marrow to produce erythrocytes (red blood cells)
Atrial natriuretic peptide ANP
Heart, atria, peptide
Promote salt and water excretion, decrease blood pressure. Inhibitor of RAAS, SNS inhibition, vasodilation.
Thymosin
Thymus, peptide
Stimulates T cell development
