+|- List Of All Areas

Question 1

CHURCH HELP/HINDER UNIFICATION

Answer 1

Help:
90% catholic - common
Papal States-central Italy spread all Italy
Not intentional- peasants angry - riot, revolt

Hinder:
Conservative- less reform
Reactionary zealots
Jesuits and inquisitions rooted out potential opposition to their rule
They ripped up the Sicilian constitution 1816

Question 2

+|- SECRET SOCIETIES

Answer 2

\+:
Invitations only - less Metternich spies
60000 Sicily
Well-educated 
All wanted anti Austria 
All middle class

-:
Unprepared
Scattered

Question 3

MAIN REASON FOR LACK OF MOVEMENT: AUSTRIA OR OTHER FACTORS

Answer 3

AUSTRIA:
Metternich system cut grass roots
Many city-state leaders had Austrian support e.g. Duchess Marie-Louise (Parma), Fransesco iv (moderna), Ferdinand 1(Naples) call for Austrian army to help
OTHERS:
Societies not helping e.g. Bologna didn’t help Moderna resources
Peasants political apathy
Church+ zealots reactionary eg ripped out French lighting 1816
Societies only want to improve own staye, not Italy
Republic/ Charles Albert/ Pope Pius ???

Question 4

HOW WIDESPREAD WAS NATIONALISM PRE 2848?

Answer 4

Yes:
Risorgimento Italy, not city state mentality; patriotic pride
Austrian oppression e.g. 1/4 Lombardy wealth gone led to nationalism and liberalism
Many Young were motivated by Young Italy to join
No:
Peasants not involved prejudices e.g. Balbo
Societies too weak to do anything e.g. Mazzini left Carbonari due to lack of action
Language only universal after 1840eg Lombardy German, piedmont French