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Bartending School > Liquor Dictionary > Flashcards

Liquor Dictionary Flashcards

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1
Q

What is proof?

A

The amount of alcohol in a distilled product.

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2
Q

What is pure alcohol?

A

100% or 200 proof

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3
Q

How do you calculate proof?

A

Alcohol percentage times (x)2, e.g., 34% alcohol is 34 x 2 = 68.

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4
Q

How do you calculate alcohol percent?

A

Percent = proof divided by 2 (proof/2), e.g., 151 proof / 2 = 75.5.

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5
Q

What can be used to make whiskey?

A

Whiskey can be made from any grain, including potatoes.

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6
Q

What are the most popular grains for making whiskey?

A

Corn
Wheat
Rye
Barley

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7
Q

Which Whiskey must contain at least 51% Rye?

A

Rye Whiskey

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8
Q

What percentage of rye must Rye Whiskey contain?

A

51% minimum

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9
Q

Rye Whiskey must contain 51% rye, minimum or maximum?

A

Minimum.

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10
Q

What percentage of corn must Corn Whiskey contain?

A

80% minimum

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11
Q

Corn Whiskey must contain 80% corn, minimum or maximum?

A

Minimum

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12
Q

Can Corn Whiskey contain other grains?

A

Yes

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13
Q

Which Whiskey has a minimum requirement of 51% and cannot contain other grains?

A

Bourbon Whiskey

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14
Q

What is caraway seed?

A

Rye

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15
Q

Who are the four major producers of Whiskey?

A

Ireland
Scotland
US
Canada

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16
Q

What does Bourbon Whiskey contain?

A

Minimum of 51% corn and no other grains.

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17
Q

Which Whiskey contains a minimum of 51% corn and no other grains?

A

Bourbon Whiskey

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18
Q

What are corn, wheat, barley and rye?

A

The most popular grains used to make whiskey.

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19
Q

What are Scotland, Ireland, Canada, and US known for?

A

Being the four major producers of Whiskey.

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20
Q

What are the steps to producing whiskey?

A
  1. Mashing
  2. Fermentation
  3. Drilling
  4. Aging
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21
Q

What is the first step in the production of Whiskey?

A

Mashing.

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22
Q

What is Mashing?

A

The first step in the production of Whiskey?

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23
Q

What is the second step in the production of Whiskey?

A

Fermentation.

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24
Q

What is fermentation?

A

The second step in the production of whiskey.

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25
Q

What is the third step in the production of Whiskey?

A

Distilling.

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26
Q

What is Distilling?

A

The third step in the production of Whiskey.

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27
Q

What is an extra step in the production of Whiskey?

A

Leeching.

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28
Q

What is typically the fourth step in the production of Whiskey?

A

Aging.

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29
Q

What is aging?

A

The fourth step in the production of Whiskey.

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30
Q

What is Leeching?

A

The extra step in making Whiskey. It is the process of steeping the Whiskey slowly through vats packed with charcoal drop by drop.

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31
Q

In the Leeching process, how long does it take for the first few drops to come out of the bottom?

A

About 10 days.

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32
Q

In which country is leeching added as a step in the production of Whiskey?

A

US

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33
Q

Where does the charcoal used for Leeching come from?

A

The Tennessee highlands hard maple tree.

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34
Q

What happens after the step of Leeching?

A

Aging

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35
Q

What happens prior to fermentation?

A

Mashing.

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36
Q

What happens after Mashing?

A

Fermentation.

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37
Q

What happens after fermentation?

A

Distilling.

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38
Q

What happens before Distilling?

A

Fermentation.

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39
Q

What happens after Distilling?

A

Aging, but leeching happens before aging if it is Tennessee Whiskey.

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40
Q

What happens before aging?

A

Distilling, except if its Tennessee Whiskey, then it is Leeching.

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41
Q

What happens after leeching?

A

The Whiskey is placed in charred white oak barrels for storing and aging in the Tennessee hills.

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42
Q

What is Irish Whiskey?

A

Made in Ireland, contains no spirits less than 3 years old.

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43
Q

What happens with Irish Whiskey during Distilling?

A

It is made ONLY with PURE SOFT IRISH WATER.

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44
Q

What is PURE Irish soft water?

A

It is water that has been filtered to reduce the mineral content.

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45
Q

What is water with less mineral content?

A

Soft water.

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46
Q

Which Whiskey is made with soft water?

A

Irish Whiskey.

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47
Q

What is the oldest Whiskey making distillery?

A

Bushmill’s, since 1608.

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48
Q

What year was the worlds oldest Whiskey distillery authorized to make Whiskey?

A

1608

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49
Q

What is Bourbon Whiskey?

A

USA Whiskey that must have 51% or more of corn.

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50
Q

Can Bourbon Whiskey have any other grains?

A

No.

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51
Q

How long MUST Bourbon Whiskey be aged?

A

2 years minimum

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52
Q

Bourbon Whiskey must be aged 2 years, minimum or maximum?

A

Minimum

53
Q

Which Whiskey must have a minimum of 51% of corn?

A

Bourbon

54
Q

What is Scotch Whiskey?

A

Made in Scotland, using barley and smoked with Peat Moss.

55
Q

Which Whiskey is made in Scotland?

A

Scotch.

56
Q

Which Whiskey is smoked with Peat Moss?

A

Scotch.

57
Q

Which Whiskey is made from barley and smoked?

A

Scotch.

58
Q

How long is Scotch Whiskey aged?

A

A minimum of 4 years.

59
Q

What flavor does Whiskey made from barley and smoked with Peat Moss yield?

A

Smokey, sweet, spicy flavor.

60
Q

What is Canadian Whiskey?

A

Made in Canada.

61
Q

What is the spelling for Whiskey from Canada?

A

Whisky. No “e”

62
Q

What is the legal requirement for aging Whisky in Canada?

A

2 years minimum.

63
Q

What is Brandy made from?

A

Fermented juice, wine, or fruit.

64
Q

What is fermented juice, wine or fruit used for?

A

To make brandy.

65
Q

If brandy is not aged for two years how must it be labeled?

A

It must be labeled as IMMATURE.

66
Q

For brandy to mature how long must it be aged?

A

A minimum of 2 years.

67
Q

How long is brandy usually aged?

A

3 to 8 years.

68
Q

What can be added for color in brandy?

A

Caramel food color.

69
Q

What is Cognac?

A

Brandy made in Cognac, France.

70
Q

Which Brandy is the better quality?

A

Cognac.

71
Q

How is Cognac aged?

A

Same as Brandy. Minimum of 2 years, typically 3 to 8 years.

72
Q

Is Cognac like Champagne?

A

Yes, without the bubbles.

73
Q

What is considered like Champagne without the bubbles?

A

Cognac

74
Q

What are Cordials also called?

A

Liqueurs.

75
Q

What are 5 broad types of Cordials/ Liqueurs?

A
  1. Fruit
  2. Seed
  3. Herb
  4. Peel
  5. Cremes
76
Q

In Cordials/Liqueurs, when is a single herb or seed used alone?

A

Never.

77
Q

What determines the name of Cordials/Liqueurs?

A

The strongest seed name.

78
Q

In Cordials/Liqueurs, what names are herbs typically given?

A

Trade names, such as Benedectine, Charteuse, etc.

79
Q

In Cordials/Liqueurs how are Peels typically named?

A

Based on the fruit they taste like.

80
Q

What is Blue Curaçao made from?

A

Curaçao oranges.

81
Q

What does Blue Curaçao taste like?

A

Oranges.

82
Q

In Cordials/Liqueurs what is the sugar content and consistency of Cremes?

A

Cremes have a higher sugar content and thicker consistency.

83
Q

In Cordials/Liqueurs, how are Cremes named?

A

By the dominant flavor.

84
Q

Which Creme is the most popular?

A

Creme de Menthe

85
Q

Creme de Menthe is available in how many colors?

A

3

86
Q

In what colors is Creme de Menthe available?

A
  1. Green
  2. White
  3. Gold
87
Q

In how many flavors is Creme de Menthe available?

A

One. All colors taste the same.

88
Q

Percolation is similar to what?

A

Coffee.

89
Q

Maceration is also known as?

A

Steeping, like brewing tea.

90
Q

What is used in distillation?

A

Herbs, seeds or peels.

91
Q

How long are herbs, seeds, or peels distilled?

A

Until the flavor is infused.

92
Q

How is Rum determined?

A

By geography.

93
Q

What is Rum made from?

A

Sugar Cane byproducts.

94
Q

What are the aging requirements in Puerto Rico?

A

Minimum 1 year for white and 3 years for gold label rums.

95
Q

Where did Gin originate?

A

In Holland.

96
Q

What is Gin made from?

A

Juniper berries.

97
Q

What are Juniper berries used to make?

A

Gin

98
Q

How many gins use the word “Dry”?

A

Virtually all.

99
Q

How many gins use the words “London Dry”?

A

Most.

100
Q

Does it have to be made in London to be called London Dry Gin?

A

No.

101
Q

Does Gin have to be aged?

A

No.

102
Q

How long must Gin be aged?

A

Gin doesn’t have to be aged.

103
Q

What is used to make Sloe Gin?

A

Sloe berries.

104
Q

What are Sloe Berries used to make?

A

Sloe Gin.

105
Q

Are Gin and Sloe Gin similar?

A

No.

106
Q

What is the difference between Gin and Sloe Gin?

A

Sloe Gin is a cordial/liqueur and Gin is a base alcohol.

107
Q

What are the characteristics of Vodka?

A 
COTS...
Colorless
Odorless
Tasteless
Smooth
108
Q

Des Vodka have to be aged?

A

No.

109
Q

How long does Vodka have to be aged?

A

It doesn’t have to be aged.

110
Q

Is Vodka always tasteless?

A

Not if its flavored.

111
Q

What is considered to be the best Vodka?

A

Russian Vodka.

112
Q

Where must Tequila come from?

A

Tequila, Jalisco, Mexico

113
Q

If Tequila doesn’t come from Tequila, Jalisco, Mexico what is it called?

A

Mescal after the aloe plant used to make it.

114
Q

Is aging important in the production of Tequila?

A

No.

115
Q

How long is Tequila aged to be called “Anejo”?

A

1 year

116
Q

What is Tequila called if it’s aged from 2 to 4 years?

A

My Anejo.

117
Q

What gives Tequila the golden color?

A

Aging.

118
Q

What allows Tequila to acquire a pleasant mellowness without changing its flavor?

A

Aging.

119
Q

What does aging do to Tequila?

A

Gives it a golden color and allow it to acquire a pleasant mellowness without changing its taste characteristics.

120
Q

What are the 4 types of wine Aperitifs?

A
  1. Red table wine
  2. White table wine
  3. Dessert wine
  4. Sparkling wine
121
Q

Do you refrigerate a red table wine?

A

No

122
Q

Describe a white table wine.

A

Can be dry but sweet.

123
Q

Describe dessert wine.

A

Sweet with higher alcohol.

124
Q

What kind of grapes are used for dessert wine?

A

Grapes that have ripened longer.

125
Q

What are sparkling wines?

A

White wines with bubbles.

126
Q

I all Champagne a sparkling wine?

A

Yes.

127
Q

Why would sparkling white wine be called Champagne?

A

Because it is made in Champagne, France.

128
Q

In addition to red table wine, white table wine, dessert wine, and sparkling wine, what are other Aperitif wines?

A

Kosher
Flavored
Sherry

Bartending School (10 decks)

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