Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physics > liquids, heat, soundwaves, light > Flashcards

liquids, heat, soundwaves, light Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Physics 101 flashcards AP® Physics flashcards
1
Q

Force / Area

A

Pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

force divided by area over which force is exerted

A

Pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

density x depth

A

Liquid pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

pressure and liquid exerts depends on (2):

A
  1. Depth

2. Density of liquid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Liquids are practically _______.

A

incompressible.

except for small changes produced by temperature, density of a particular liquid is practically the same at all depths

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

____ is the key to increased pressure.

A

depth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

When liquid presses against a surface, there is a net force that is ______ to the surface.

A

Perpendicular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Loss of weight experienced by objects submerged in a liquid

A

buoyancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

when submerged, water exerts an upward force on the object that is exactly opposite to the direction of gravity’s pull

A

buoyant force

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

a completely submerged object always displaces a volume of liquid equal to its own volume

A

buoyancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

An immersed object is buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the fluid it displaces

A

Archimedes’ Principle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The ____ determines the buoyant force

A

volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

whether an object will sink or float depends on how the buoyant force compares with the object’s ____.

A

weight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

A floating object displaces a weight of fluid equal to its own weight

A

Principle of Flotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

A denser fluid exerts a greater _____ ____ than a less dense fluid.

A

buoyant force

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

A change in pressure at any point in an enclosed fluid at rest is transmitted undiminished to all points in the fluid.

A

Pascal’s Principle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Contractive tendency of the surface of liquids is called

A

surface tension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

the rise of liquid in a fine, hollow tube or in a narrow space

A

capillarity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

attraction between unlike substances

A

adhesion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

attraction between like substances

A

cohesion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

the property of fluid to resist motion

A

viscosity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

quantity that indicates how warm or cold an object is with respect to some standard

A

temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

____ is proportional to the average “translational” kinetic energy of molecular motion.

A

temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The energy transferred from one object to another because of a temperature difference between objects

A

heat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

energy in transit

A

heat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

grand total of all energies inside a substance

A

internal energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Heat always flows from ___ to ___.

A

hot to cold

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

heat is measured in ____and/or ____.

A

joules and/or calories

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

the amount of heat required to change the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 Celsius degree

A

Calorie

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

In reality, the heat unit to label food is actually the ____.

A

kiloCalorie (1000 calories)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

how well a solid object conducts heat depends on the bonding within its atomic or molecular structure

A

conduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Most ___ and ___ are poor conductors of heat.

A

liquids and gases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

heat transfer due to the actual motion of fluid/gas

A

convection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

transfer of energy by means of electromagnetic waves (a form of radiant energy)

A

radiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

List the order of wavelengths from longest to shortest.

A
  • Radio waves
  • Microwaves
  • Infrared radiation
  • Visible light
  • UV radiation
  • Xrays
  • Gamma rays
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

the rate of vibration of the wave

A

frequency

37
Q

infrared radiation is often called:

A

heat radiation

38
Q

The to and fro vibratory motion (oscillatory motion) of a swinging pendulum in a small arc.

A

Simple harmonic motion

39
Q

Pictorial representation of a wave.

A

Sine curve

40
Q

distance from the midpoint to the crest (or trough) of a wave

A

amplitude

41
Q

Distance from the top of one crest to the top of the next one

A

Wavelength

42
Q

How frequently a vibration occurs; number of to and for vibrations it makes in a given time

A

frequency

43
Q

unit of frequency

A

hertz

44
Q

time for one complete vibration

A

period

45
Q

wavelength / period

A

wave speed

46
Q

waves produced when the motion of the medium is transverse (or at a right angle) to the direction the wave travels)

A

transverse waves

47
Q

motion along the direction of the wave rather than at right angles to it

A

Longitudinal waves

48
Q

when more than one wave occupies the same space at the same time

A

interference

49
Q

when the crests of 2 or more waves overlap, and their individual effects add together to produce a wave of increased amplitude

A

contructive interference

50
Q

when the crest of one wave overlaps with the trough of another, their individual effects are reduced

A

destructive interference

51
Q

where parts of the object, called the nodes, are stationary

A

standing waves

52
Q

regions of minimal zero displacement, with minimal or zero energy

A

nodes

53
Q

regions of maximum displacement and maximum energy

A

antinodes

54
Q

our subjective impression about the frequency of sound

A

pitch

55
Q

non-periodic sound

A

pulse

56
Q

condensed region of medium through which a longitudinal wave travels

A

compression

57
Q

reduced pressure of the medium through which a longitudinal wave travels

A

Rarefaction

58
Q

It is not the medium that travels across the room but the energy-carrying ____.

A

pulse

59
Q

ability of a material that has changed shape in response to an applied force to resume its initial shape once the distorting force is removed

A

elasticity

60
Q

____ and ___ ___ are generally excellent conductors of sound

A

Liquids and crystalline solids

61
Q

speed of sound in air depends on (3):

A

wind conditions, temperature, and humidity

62
Q

reflection of sound

A

echo

63
Q

sound energy not carried by the reflected sound wave

A

transmitted wave

64
Q

multiple reflections

A

reverberations

65
Q

study of sound properties

A

acoustics

66
Q

when sound waves bend when parts of the wave fronts travel at different speeds

A

refraction

67
Q

sound travels _____ at higher altitudes and bends away from the ground.

A

slower

68
Q

setting up of vibrations in an object by a vibrating force

A

forced vibration

69
Q

frequency at which an elastic object naturally tends to vibrate if it is disturbed and the disturbing force is removed

A

natural frequency

70
Q

when the frequency of forced vibrations on an object matches the object’s natural frequency and a dramatic increase in amplitude occurs

A

resonance

71
Q

Waves arrive in phase and interfere _____ when the path lengths from the speakers are the same.

A

constructively

72
Q

Waves arrive our of phase and interfere _____ when the path lengths differ by half a wavelength

A

destructively

73
Q

_______ occur when sound waves reflect off walls and interfere with non-reflected waves to produce zones of low amplitude

A

Dead spots

74
Q

periodic variation in the loudness of sound

A

beats

75
Q

______ are due to interference. The sound that reached our ears throbs between maximum and minimum loudness.

A

beats

76
Q

waves made from vibrating electric and magnetic fields that regenerate each other.

A

electromagnetic waves

77
Q

classification of electromagnetic waves according to frequency

A

electromagnetic spectrum

78
Q

glass and water allow light to pass through in straight lines. They are _____.

A

transparent

79
Q

light travels at different average speeds through different materials

A

transparent materials

80
Q

light is absorbed without remitting it

A

Opaque

81
Q

when an electron is raised to a higher energy level, the atom has been ____

A

excited

82
Q

excitation is temporary and returns to its lower energy state while emitting radiant energy

A

de-excitation

83
Q

pulse of electromagnetic radiation caused by electrons dropping from higher to lower energy levels in an excited atom

A

photon

84
Q

distribution of wavelengths in the light from a luminous source

A

Emission spectrum

85
Q

light that is produced as a result of high temperature

A

Incandescence

86
Q

property of certain substances to absorb radiation of one frequency and to re-emit radiation of lower frequency

A

Fluorescence

87
Q

a type of light emission that is the same as fluorescence except for a delay between excitation and de-excitation, which provides an afterglow

A

Phosphorescence

88
Q

Laser stands for:

A

Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation

89
Q

devices that produce a beam of coherent light. Beam of photons of the same frequency, phase, and direction

A

lasers

Physics (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions