Liquids and Solids Flashcards
Surface Tension and Trends
the resistance of a liquid to increase its surface area
As Temperature goes up, surface tension goes down
As IPF goes up, surface tension goes up
Liquid Viscosity Trends
As IPF goes up, viscosity goes up
As temperature goes up, viscosity goes down
Polar/Non-polar dissolving rules
Polar molecules dissolve polar
Non-polar molecules dissolve non-polar molecules
Crystalline Structures
Solid particle pattern of ordered arrangements
Amorphous Structures
solid particle structure wit no pattern and no long-range order
Non-polar crystalline solids
Have weak dispersion IPF
soft, low mp
poor thermal and electrical conductors
Ex) CO2, CH4, Ar
Polar Crystalline Solids
dipole-dipole or H-bonding
fairly soft
low to moderate mp
poor thermal and electrical conductors
Ex) H20 (s)
Ionic Crystalline Solids Traits
Hard and brittle
high mp
good thermal and electrical conductors
Covalent network Crystalline Solids
Covalent bones
very hard
very high mp
usually poor thermal and electrical conductors
(diamond, quartz, graphite)
Metallic Crystalline Solids
metallic bonding
soft to hard
usually high mp
ductule, malleable, lustrous
Define Crystal Lattice
point of solid crystal structure where all points with identical surroundings
Define unit cell
the smallest portion of the crystal structure that, when stacked together repeatedly without gaps, can reproduce the entire cells
Can take on many shapes but we study cubic unit cells
Three types of Cubic Lattices
- Primitive (simple) cubic lattice: where the lattice points lie at the corners of a cubic unit cell (sc)
- Body-centered cubic lattice: the lattice points lie at the corners and the centre (bcc)
- face-centered cubic lattice: lattice points lie in the corners and the faces (fcc)
Coordination number
Number of particles that are equidistant neighbours to a reference point
