Lipoprotein Metabolism Flashcards
Name four types of primary hypercholesterolaemia
Familial hypercholesterolaemia type II, polygenic hypercholesterolaemia, familial hyper alpha-lipoproteinaemia, phytosterolaemia
Name the protein affected in familial hyper alpha-lipoproteinaemia
Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP)
Name the three types of familial hypercholesterolaemia which cause primary hypertriglyceridaemia
Type I, type III, type IV
What is familial hypercholesterolaemia type I?
Lipoprotein lipase or apoC II deficiency
What is familial hypercholesterolaemia type IV?
Increased synthesis of triglycerides
Name three types of primary mixed hyperlipidaemia
Familial combined hyperlipidaemia, familial dys-beta-lipoproteinaemia, familial hepatic lipase deficiency
What is Tangier disease?
High density lipoprotein (HDL) deficiency
What is Abetalipoproteinaemia?
Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) deficiency
Name three types of hypolipidaemia
Abetalipoproteinaemia, Tangier disease, hypobetalipoproteinaemia, hypoalphalipoproteinaemia
Name the six lipoproteins in order of increasing density
Chylomicron, FFA, VLDL, IDL, LDL, HDL
What does PCSK9 do?
Binds LDLR and promotes its degradation
How is hyperlipidaemia managed?
First line: dietary and lifestyle modification
Second line: statins
What are the side effects of statins?
Myopathy, rhabdomyolysis, fatigue
What is the only drug licensed for treatment of obesity? What are its side effects?
Orlistat
Profound flatus and diarrhoea
What are the indications for bariatric surgery?
BMI >40 or BMI >35 with an obesity-related comorbidity
