Lipids/Proteins Quiz 3 Flashcards
Saturated fatty acids
Single covalent bonds between C atoms
• Maximum number of H atoms
– Solid animal fats, e.g., butter
“Unhealthy Fats”=Animal fats
Unsaturated Fatty Acids
has a double bond between carbon atoms
reduces hydrogen atoms
plant oils=Healthy oils
Lipids
Insoluble in water
contain C,H,O
Fats, Oils
Main function of Neutral Fats
Energy storage
Insulation
Protection
Phospholipids
The two fatty acid tails are hydrophobic,
but the phosphate group and its
attachments form a hydrophilic head
Steroids
Interlocking 4 ring structure
Most important steroid is cholesterol
Eicosanoid
Derrived from fatty acids in cell membrane
Most important example aid in blood clotting
Proteins
Contains C, H, O, N, (some S, and P)
Monomer is Amino Acid
Enzymes
a type of protein that acts as a
catalyst to speed up chemical reactions
Amino Acids
20 types
joined by covalent bonds called peptide bonds
can act as either acid or base
All identical except for R group (side chain)
Protein Denaturation
Proteins unfold and lose shape
Caused by decreased pH or increased temperature
Irreversible
Feedback Inhibition
When a product is finished being made, the product shuts down the process of making it to reduce waste
Nucleic Acids
largest molecule in the body
Called DNA and RNA
Contains C, O, H, N, P
Nucleotide
Monomer of Nucleic Acid
Composed of Nitrogen base, Pentose Sugar, and Phosphate Group
DNA
Double Helix formation
Adenine-Thymine
Guanine-Cytosine
Pentose Sugar is Deoxyribose
