Lipids- Bio MacrosMole

Question 1

What do organic macromolecules contain?

Answer 1

Carbon & hydrogen Atoms

Question 2

What are the 4 Macromolecules?

Answer 2

• Lipids (Leopards)
  -Carbohydrate (Can)
• Proteins (Play)
• Nucleic acids (Nice)

Question 3

What are the basic building blocks of macromolecules?

Answer 3

Monomers (subunits)

Question 4

What happens during a Chemical Reactions?

Answer 4

• Making or breaking chemical bonds

-Involve reactants and products

Question 5

Chemical Reactions

• What happens during the ‘Synthesis” stage?

Answer 5

-Monomers are put together to form macromolecules

Question 6

Chemical Reactions

-What happens during the Decomposition stage?

Answer 6

• Macromolecules are broken down to form monomers

Question 7

What are the 3 categories of chemical reactions

Answer 7

1. Synthesis *
2. Decomposition *
3. Exchange

Question 8

Synthesis Reactions

-What?
-Require? NEED

Answer 8

• Small molecules (monomers) ——> Larger Molecules (polymers)

-Require energy= Endothermic (heats up)

Question 9

Anabolism

Answer 9

• All of an organism’s synthesis reactions

Question 10

Decomposition Reactions

-What?
-Release?

Answer 10

• Larger molecules (polymers)—> smaller molecules (monomers)
  -Breaking down large to small

-Release energy= Exothermic

Question 11

Catabolism

Answer 11

• All of the organism’s decomposition reactions
  “breaking down”

Question 12

Lipids are NOT…& all what…

Answer 12

-Not composed of regular subunits: all hydrophobic “water-fearing”

-“Greasy”
-Fat-soluble

Question 13

4 groups of Lipids

Answer 13

1. Fats
2. Phospholipids
3. Waxes
4. Steroids

Question 14

Lipid Group: 1. Fat (triglycerides)

Answer 14

• Used to store energy
• Energy sources
• “Keto”, “paleo” other low-carb diets

Question 15

Lip Group: Fats
-Join?
-Via?

Answer 15

• Made by joining fatty acid to alcohols
  -Via ester bonds

Question 16

Ester

Answer 16

• Acid joined to alcohol by oxygen
• oxygen in the central of 2 carbons
  CH3-O-HC2

Question 17

Lipid Group: 2. Phospholipid

Answer 17

• Glycerol +2 fatty acids + phosphate +R (charged or polar group)

Question 18

Lipid Group: Pholip

Amphipathic

Answer 18

• One end hydrophilic
• One end hydrophobic

Question 20

Lipid Group: 3. Waxes

Answer 20

-Esters of long- chain fatty alcohols with long-chain fatty acids
-Very hydrophobic
- “Bees wax”
- Used for energy storage by marine microbes
- Mycolic acid protects M. Tuberculosis from harm- drying out

Question 21

Lipid Groups: 4. Steroids

Answer 21

• three 6C rings + one 5C ring
• Cholesterol is used to control membrane fluidity in eukaryotes

Question 22

Ergosterol

Answer 22

-Fungal Sterol
- Anti-fungal drug target
- Amphotericin B bings Ergosterol

• Azoles inhibit ergosterol synthesis