Chem Basic-Bio Macromole Flashcards
What did Oparin & Haldane propose?
- Proposed for a chemical origin for life
What were complex organic molecules formed from?
- Simple inorganic precursors
What were those inorganic precursors?
- CO2, H20, N2, CH4, H2, NH3
What were the requirements for Chemical Evolution?
-Reducing atmosphere
-Energy
What is the Miller-Urey Experiment?
- Tested the preductions made by Oparin-Haldane hypothesis
- Showed organic molecule (amino acids, nucleic acid bases could be synthesized from inorganic precursors under primitive Earth conditions
What is “primordial soup”
- aqueous solution rich in preformed organic molecules
- first cell=first life=archea
What do atoms consist of?
- protons + neutrons= nucleus
Where do electrons orbit?
- Orbit the nucleus in shells (outer ring)
When is a electron shell stable?
- When it has 8 electrons, two inner and rest outer
What’s the result of a chemical bond?
- Atoms sharing electrons to fill vacancies
What are the 3 principle types of Chemical Bonds?
- Nonpolar Covalent Bonds
- Polar Covalent Bonds
- Ionic Bonds
What are hydrogen bonds?
- Weak forces derived from polar covalent bonds
Electronegativity
- attraction of an atom for electrons
= the more electronegative= the more pull its nucleus exerts on electrons
Covalent Bonds
- weak or strong?
- formed by?
- Sharing a par of electrons by two atoms
- Strongest Bonds
- Formed and broken by enzymes (bio catalysts)
Non-Covalent Bonds
- Atoms with similar electronegativities
- Shared electrons spend equal time around each nucleus
-NO poles - NO charge
- Polar Covalent Bonds
- Partial charge
- Unequal sharing of electrons due to significantly different electronegativities
- allows hydrogen bonding
Ionic Bonds
-Full charge
- 2 atoms have vastly different electronegativity
- Cations and Anions attract each other and form ionic bonds
Cation
Atom positive charge
Anion
Negative charge
Functional groups are responsible
for many of the chemical properties of an organic compound- varies alcohols
-Determine the behavior of a molecule
