Lipids and Carbohydrates

Question 1

What is the Structure and Function of lipids

Answer 1

Phospholipids contain both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions, allowing them to form bilayers in cell membranes.
Triglycerides are composed of three fatty acids and one glycerol molecule, serving primarily as long-term energy storage.
Cholesterol is a type of lipid that increases membrane fluidity at high temperatures and decreases fluidity at low temperatures.
The presence of multiple double bonds in polyunsaturated fatty acids can lead to a lower melting point compared to saturated fatty acids, promoting membrane fluidity.

Question 2

Functions of lipids in the human body

Answer 2

Provides insulation to maintain body temperature and protect vital organs.
Acts as signalling molecules, such as hormones like steroids, that regulate physiological processes.
Serving as a structural component of cell membranes, contributing to membrane fluidity and integrity.

Question 3

The Chemical Properties of Phospholipids

Answer 3

The hydrophilic head is composes of a phosphate group and a glycerol molecule, while the hydrophobic tail consists of fatty acid chains.

Question 4

What are the role of membrane carbohydrates

Answer 4

Carbohydrates on the cell surface primarily serve as recognition sites for cell signalling and communication, playing a key role in cell-cell interactions.