Lipids And Flashcards
What are lipids found in
Fats and oils
Functions of lipids
-Major source of energy in the human diet-oil and butter
-Lipids used to store energy e.g. in adipose tissue in humans-under skin-helps insulate body reducing heat loss.- find adipose tissue around organs- help protect organs.
-Used as waterproofing- like the oils which coat the feathers of aquatic birds
-Major part of the structure of membranes- like those which surround cells and mitochondria.
What are the two main types of lipids
Triglycerides and phospholipids
General structure of triglycerides
Contain a molecule of glycerol bonded to three molecules of fatty acids.
What group does the fatty acid contain
Carboxylic group
Look at structure of fatty acid
Look at it
Is the fatty acid saturated or unsaturated
Saturated- contains single covalent bonds between carbon atoms.
Look at glycerol structure
Need to learn it
A glycerol molecule has three _______ groups
Hydroxyl= O-H
Bond between a glycerol molecule and fatty acid molecule is called a _____ bond
Ester bond- esterification- in this reaction we also make a molecule of water- condensation reaction
Look at structure of triglyceride molecule
Look
In the digestive system what enzyme breaks down the ester bond
Lipase- releases the glycerol and fatty acid molecules- this reaction requires three water molecules and is an example of a hydrolysis reaction
Are triglycerides polar or non-polar molecules
Non-polar. Hydrophobic- don’t dissolve in water
Why can a great deal of energy be released from triglycerides
They contain a large number of carbon and hydrogen atoms
