Lipids Flashcards
What are the functions of lipids?
Cell membranes
Energy store
What is the difference between lipids and carbohydrates?
Lipids have a lower proportion of oxygens and carbohydrates
What two types of organic chemicals make up fats and oils?
Fatty acids
Glycerol
What bonds link glycerol and fatty acids?
ester bonds
In what ways can fatty acids vary?
length of the carbon chain
Saturated or unsaturated
What makes a fatty acid unsaturated?
There are one or more double covelant bonds
What is a monoglyceride?
When a glycerol combines with one fatty acid in an ester bond
What is a diglyceride?
When a glycerol combines with two fatty acids in an ester bond
What is a triglyceride?
When a glycerol combines with three fatty acids in an ester bond
What is the process where an ester bond is formed?
Esterification
What reaction produces an ester bond?
Condensation reaction between the carboxyl group of the fatty acid and the hydroxyl group of the glycerol
What kind of acid is more likely to be solid at room tempreture?
Saturated fatty acid
Why is the hydrophobic nature of lipids important?
Waterproofing fur
Insulators
Allowing mammals to float easily
Don’t change water potential of the cell
What is a phospholipid?
Where a phosphate group forms an ester bond with glycerol
What part of the phospholipid is hydrophobic?
The tail (fatty acids)
