Lipids Flashcards
What are the subgroups of lipids?
The subgroups of lipids are triglycerides, phospholipids, and steroids.
What are the 2 types of molecules that make up a molecule of fat and how are they arranged?
Glycerol and fatty acids combine to create a molecule of fat, also known as a triglyceride. To form a fat molecule, three molecules of fatty acids must connect to a glycerol molecule.
In what way is the ratio of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen molecules different in lipids than in carbohydrates?
Lipids contain a greater amount of carbon and hydrogen molecules than carbohydrates do.
Define hydrophilic and hydrophobic.
Hydrophilic means that a particle or molecule is able to live in and works more efficiently in an environment made out of water. Hydrophobic means that a particle or molecule cannot live in water, and works more efficiently in a drier environment.
What is a fundamental characteristic of fats?
Fat molecules are made up of long chains of carbon molecules. Lipids are classified by the amounts of double bonds they have between their molecules: saturated fats contain no double bonds, while monounsaturated fats contain very few double bonds, and polyunsaturated fats have many double bonds.
What is the function of steroids?
Steroids are used to help the body complete many of its functions more efficiently.
Name three types of steroids.
Sex Hormones (Testosterone & Progesterone) , Cholesterol, and Estrogen.
Which atoms make up a lipid?
Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen (Phosphate in phospholipids.)
What are the different monomers of lipids?
Triglycerides, Phospholipids, and Steroids.
What is the structure of a triglyceride?
One glycerol molecule, bonded with three different fatty acids.
What is the structure of a phospholipid?
One glycerol molecule, bonded with two different fatty acids and a phosphate group.
What is the structure of a steroid?
Hexagonal and pentagonal rings.
Name examples of phospholipids, steroids, and triglycerides.
Phospholipids, Cell Membrane; Triglycerides, Fats, Oils, and Waxes.
