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Biochemistry Laboratory > Lipids > Flashcards

Lipids Flashcards

1
Q

Functions as metabolic fuel and building blocks for other lipids

A

Fatty acid

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2
Q

Main storage form of fatty acids and chemical energy in adipose

A

Triglycerides

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3
Q

Component of membranes. Source of arachidonic acid, inositol and triphosphate and diglyceride for signal transduction

A

Phospholipids

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4
Q

Component of cell membranes (lipid rafts)

A

Sphingolipids

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5
Q

Component of membranes. Precursor of bile salts and steroid hormones

A

Cholesterol

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6
Q

Functions in lipid digestion and absorption of long chain fatty acids and is the main product of cholesterol metabolism/degradation

A

Bile salts

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7
Q

Functions as intracellular signals that regulate gene expression in target cells and readily pass through membrane enabling direct action to DNA

A

Steroid hormones

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8
Q

Functions as regulators of physiological functions

A

Eicosanoids

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9
Q

Vitamin for vision

A

Vitamin A

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10
Q

Vitamin for calcium storage

A

Vitamin D

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11
Q

Vitamin antioxidant

A

Vitamin E

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12
Q

Vitamin blood coagulant

A

Vitamin K

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13
Q

Functions as metabolic fuel

A

Ketone bodies

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14
Q

Fatty acid chain with 2 to 5 carbon atoms

A

Short chain

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15
Q

Fatty acid chain with 6 to 12 carbon atoms

A

Medium chain

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16
Q

Fatty acid chain with 14 to 26 carbon atoms

A

Long chain

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17
Q

Are signaling molecules made by enzymatic or non-enzymatic oxidation of arachidonic acid or other polyunsaturated fatty acids, 20 carbon units in length

A

Eicosanoids

18
Q

A family of compounds that have the 20-carbon skeleton of prostanoic acid, first detected in seminal fluid

A

Prostaglandins

19
Q

Found in white blood cells (leukocytes). An important property is constriction of smooth muscles especially in the lungs

A

Leukotrienes

20
Q

Found in thrombocytes. For coagulation

A

Thromboxane

21
Q

Are endogenous anti-inflammatory, pro-resolving molecules that play a vital role in reducing excessive tissue injury and chronic inflammation

A

Lipoxins

22
Q

The main storage form of fatty acids

A

Triacylglycerol (TAGs)

23
Q

Has only one or two OH groups of glycerol esterified by fatty acids

A

Mono and diglycerides

24
Q

All three OH groups are esterified. The most common lipid material

A

Triglycerides or Triacylglycerides

25
Q

This process is catalyzed by lipases and is important for the digestion of fat and fat mobilization

A

Hydrolysis

26
Q

The hydrolysis of triacylglycerols by alkali to produce glycerol and soaps

A

Saponification

27
Q

The term used to represent the deterioration of fats and oils resulting in unpleasant taste

A

Rancidity

28
Q

The substances which can prevent the occurrence of oxidative rancidity

A

Antioxidants

29
Q

Number of iodine absorbed by 100g of fat or oil

A

Iodine number

30
Q

Hydrolysis of triacylglycerol which take place by lipases producing fatty acids and glycerols

A

Hydrogenation

31
Q

Attack the ester linkage of phospholipids

A

Phospholipases

32
Q

Salts formed by saponification

A

Soap

33
Q

Molecules that contain glycerol, fatty acids, phosphate and alcohol

A

Phosphoglycerides

34
Q

Contain sphingosine instead of glycerol

A

Sphingolipids

35
Q

A type of sphingolipid found in animal cell membranes

A

Sphingomyelins

36
Q

Complex derivatives of triterpenes and composed of 4 fused rings

A

Steroids

37
Q

Lipoproteins formed in the intestinal mucosal cells and secreted into the lacteals of lymphatic system. They are rich in triglyceride

A

Chylomicrons

38
Q

Lipoproteins that carries triglycerides from liver to peripheral tissues for energy needs

A

VLDL

39
Q

Lipoproteins that transport cholesterol from liver to peripheral tissues

A

LDL

40
Q

Lipoprotein that is the main transport form of cholesterol from peripheral tissue to liver

A

HDL

Biochemistry Laboratory (6 decks)

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