Lipids

Question 1

Lipids?

Answer 1

Nonpolar hydrocarbons

Question 2

Phospholipids?

Answer 2

structural role in cell membranes; fatty acids bound to glycerol; a phosphate group (hydrophilic head) replaces one fatty acid (hydrophobic tail); AMPHIPATHIC

Question 3

Carotenoids and chlorophylls?

Answer 3

capture light energy in plants

Question 4

Do lipids provide electrical insulation?

Answer 4

Lipid coating around nerves provides electrical insulation

Question 5

Linkage in lipids?

Answer 5

Carboxyls bond with hydroxyls of glycerol in an ester linkage.

Question 6

Triglycerides

Answer 6

Composed of fatty acids and glycerol; simple lipids

Question 7

Saturated fatty acids and Unsaturated Fatty acids?

Answer 7

Saturated fatty acids: no double bonds between carbons—it is saturated with H atoms.
Unsaturated fatty acids: some double bonds in carbon chain.

Question 8

In plant oils, what prevent the packing of lipids?

Answer 8

Plant oils tend to be unsaturated: the “kinks” prevent packing; liquid at Room temperature

Question 9

Animal fats are _____ at room temperature

Answer 9

Solid; they are saturated and packed together tightly

Question 10

Fatty acids are _________; they have opposing chemical properties

Answer 10

amphipathic

Question 11

Phospholipid bilayer?

Answer 11

In water, phospholipids line up with the hydrophobic “tails” together and the phosphate “heads” facing outward, to form a bilayer.