Lipids

Question 1

What are the two types of lipids

Answer 1

Triglycerides and Phospholipids

Question 2

What bond forms between a triglyceride

Answer 2

Ester bond

Question 3

What does a Triglyceride contain

Answer 3

A glycerol molecule and three fatty acids

Question 4

What is the function of a triglyceride

Answer 4

Fatty acids acid chains are hydrophobic which makes lipids insoluble in water
Bundle together as insoluble droplets because the tails face inwards
Glycerol heads shield themselves from the water
Used as energy store as lots of energy is released when the chains break down

Question 5

What are the properties of lipids

Answer 5

Don’t form polymers
Hydrophobic (repel water)
Not a continuing chain
No spare oxygen for water so hydrogen bonds can’t form
Non polar (can’t bond with water)
Fats are solid at room temperature and oils are liquid

Question 6

What is the function of a phospholipid

Answer 6

They make up a bilayer of the cell membrane
Heads are hydrophilic and the tails are hydrophobic so they form a double layer
Centre of the bilayer is hydrophobic so water soluble substances can’t pass through = creates a barrier and allows separation of solutions and can create different conditions either side of the membrane

Question 7

What is an Ester bond

Answer 7

forms by a condensation reaction between each of the three OH groups of the glycerol and the carboxyl group of the fatty acid