Lipids (1.2) Flashcards
To recall and test knowledge of topic 1.2
1
Q
What are triglycerides, how are they formed and what bond is formed in this reaction?
A
- Lipids made of three fatty acids and one glycerol molecule
- Condensation reaction
- Form an ester bond
2
Q
Describe a saturated lipid, where they are found and how they effect our body
A
- Contain on single C-C bonds
- Animal fats such as cheese, meat etc.
- Too many can lead to atherosclerosis (topic 4) and other heart conditions
3
Q
Describe an unsaturated lipid, where they are found and how they effect our body
A
- Contains one double C=C bond
- Oils and vegetable fats
- Lower cholesterol to help prevent atherosclerosis (topic 4)
4
Q
What are the five main functions of lipids and how do their structures relate to these functions?
A
- Waterproofing- hydrophobic tails so repell water
- Insulation- good electrical/ heat insulators as water soluble substances can’t get through them
- Energy- long term energy store, gram for gram lipids yield more energy than carbohydrates and proteins
- Phospholipid cell membranes - form a layer where hyrdophilic heads face water and hydrophobic tails are away from water facing each other, allow embedding of proteins and gives the membrane fluidity
