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Parcial 2 Bioquimica > Lipidos Gpo 2 > Flashcards

Lipidos Gpo 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Acetico

A

producto final de la fermentacion de los cabrohidratos

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2
Q

Butirico

A

pequeñas cantidades
mantequilla
productofinal de la fermentacion de HC

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3
Q

Laurico

A

esperma, canela, almendra de palma, aceite de coco, laureles, mantequilla

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4
Q

Miristico

A

nuez moscada
almendra de palma
aceite de cooc
mirtos
mantequilla

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5
Q

palmitico

A

comun en todas grasas animal y vegetal

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6
Q

acidos monoenoicos (1doble enlace)

A

palmitoleico
oleico
elaidico

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7
Q

Acidos dienoicos (2 enlaces dobles)

A

linoleico

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8
Q

acidos trienoicos

A

y-linolenico omega 6
a-linolenico omega 3

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9
Q

acidos tetraenoicos

A

araquidonico omega 6

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10
Q

acidos pentanoicos

A

timnodonico, omega 3
Aceites de pescado

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11
Q

acidos hexaenoico

A

cervonico (omega 3)

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12
Q

aceite de oliva

A

acido grasos mono insaturados
textura liquida

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13
Q

mantequilla

A

AG saturados e insaturados
textura solida suave

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14
Q

manteca

A

AG saturados
solidos

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15
Q

Aceite de maiz

A

AGI
Liquidos

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16
Q

Acido linoleico

A

cis-9, 12 octadecadienoico (w6)
cartamo
algodon
maiz
girasol
canola
soya

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17
Q

acido alfa-linolenico

A

cis-9, 12, 15 octadecatrienoico (w3)

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18
Q

Fuentes de w3

A

pescado y mariscos
nueces y semillas
aceites de plantas
alimentos fortificados

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19
Q

alimentos con AG trans

A

alimentos horneados comerciales
palomitas de micro
pizza congelada
masa refrigerada
frituras
crema de leche para cafe
margarina

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20
Q

derivados de la ciclooxigenasa

A

prostaglandinas y tromboxanos

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21
Q

dderivados de la lipooxigenasa

A

leucotrienos

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22
Q

isoprenoides

A

vitamina e–antioxidante
vitamina k–factor coagulante
warfina–anticoagulante
ubiquinona
plastoquinona

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23
Q

carotenoides

A

cantaxatina–roja
zeaxatina-amarilla

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24
Q

CCK

A

Estimula la secrecion de bilis y jugo pancreatico

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25
Q

Secretina

A

estimula la secrecion de bicarbonato, bilis y moco

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26
Q

lipasas acidoestables que actuan en la luz del estomago

A

lipasa lingual
lipasa gastrica

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27
Q

Lipolisis

A

degradacion de trigliceridos para ir a sangre

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28
Q

b-oxidacion

A

oxidacion de AG para tener energia

29
Q

cetogenesis

A

formacion de CC para tener energia de tejidos extrhepaticos

30
Q

substrato inicial y producto de lipolisis

A

trigliceridos
producto; glicerol y acidos grasos

31
Q

Enzima clave de la lipolisis

A

lipasa sensible a hormonas

32
Q

Tejido principal de la lipolisis

A

adiposo

33
Q

Compartimiento celular de la lipolisis

A

citosol

34
Q

substrato inicial y producto de b-oxidacion

A

AG
Acetil-CoA, NADH, H+, FADH2

35
Q

Enzima clave de la b-oxidacion

A

Carnitina acil-transfersa 1

36
Q

Tejido principal de la b-oxidacion

A

higado, musculo esqueletico, corazon

37
Q

compartimiento celular de b-oxidacion

A

mitocondria

38
Q

substrato inicial y producto de cetogenesis

A

acetil CoA
Acetoacetato, b-hidroxibutirato, acetona

39
Q

Enzima clave de la cetogenesis

A

HMG-CoA sintasa

40
Q

Tejido principal de la cetogenesis

A

higado

41
Q

Compartimiento celular de la cetogenesis

A

mitocondria

42
Q

lipogenesis

A

sintesis de AG de novo

43
Q

substrato inicial de lipogenessis y producto

A

Acetil-coa
Palmitato

44
Q

Enzima clave de la lipogenesis

A

acetil-coa carboxilasa, ATP Citrato liasa

45
Q

Tejido principall de la lipogenesis

A

hgado

46
Q

Compartimiento celular de la lipogenesis

A

citosol

47
Q

COX-1

A

Es constitutiva
Agregacion plaquetaria, secrecion de mucina en estomago
Disminuyen su actividad x los AINES

48
Q

COX-2

A

es inducible
es para inflamacion, hiperalgesia, fiebre
act disminuida x aines

49
Q

PGI2, PGE2, PGD2

A

Aumenta–vasodilatacion–ampc
Dismnuyen–agregacion plaquetaria, leucocitaria, proliferacion de celulas T y migracion de linfocitos

50
Q

PFG2

A

Aumenta
vasocontriccion
broncoconstriccion
contracion de musculo liso

51
Q

Tromboxano A2

A

Vasocontrictor
agregacion plaquetaria
proliferacion de linfocitos
bronconstriccion

52
Q

sintesis de trigliceridoa

A

formacion de trigliceridoa

53
Q

substrato inicial de sintesis de trigliceridos y productos

A

S: Glicerol y acidos grasos
P: trigliceridos

54
Q

Enzima clave de sintesis de trigliceridos

A

diacilglicerol acil-transferasa

55
Q

tejidos principales de la sintesis de trigliceridos

A

intestino, higado y tejido adiposo

56
Q

Compartimiento celular de la sintesis de triglicerdiso

A

Citosol

57
Q

Surfactante pulmonar

A

Mezcla de fosfolipidos, lipidos neutros y proteinas especificas
Neumocitos 2
se secreta x exocitoss en luz alveolar
fundamental para que el surfactante pueda reducir la tension superficial

58
Q

Colesterogenesis

A

sintesis de colesterol

59
Q

Substrato inicial y productod e Colesterogenesis

A

S: Acetil CoA
P: Colesterol

60
Q

Enzima clave de Colesterogenesis

A

HMG-CoA reductasa

61
Q

Tejido principal de Colesterogenesis

A

HIgado

62
Q

Compartimiento celular de Colesterogenesis

A

citosol-reticulo endoplasmico

63
Q

Lp(a)

A

Factor comun independiente de riesgo de enf cardiovascular aterosclerotic

64
Q

estatinas

A

inhiben a la HMG-CoA reductasa

65
Q

Fibratos

A

Activa el LPL, inhiben sintesis de Apo-b y aumentan Apo-A

66
Q

Resinas de intercambio anionico

A

inhiben la reabsorcion de acidos biliares

67
Q

acido nicotinico

A

disminuye sintesis de VLDL y aumenta actividad de LPL

68
Q

Aceite de pescado

A

reducen sintesis de VLDL

Parcial 2 Bioquimica (4 decks)

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