Lipid Structures Only

Question 1

Answer 1

Estradiol

Question 2

z group is just H

Answer 2

Phosphatidic Acid

Question 3

• z group is ethanol with amine grp
• specifically found on the inner layer of the lipid bilayer
• abundant in brain/nerves
• AKA Cephalin

Answer 3

phosphatidyl ethanolamine

found where?

also called?

Question 4

9-C_16:1

omega-7

Answer 4

Palmitoleic Acid

Question 5

CH₃–(CH₂)₁₆–COOH

Answer 5

Stearic Acid

Question 6

• found in pulmonary surfactant

Answer 6

phosphatidylglycerol

where is it found?

Question 7

CH₃–(CH₂)₁₄–COOH

most common saturated fatty acid in nature

Answer 7

Palmitic Acid

Question 8

specifically alpha-linolenic, the omega-3 version

9,12,15-C_18:3

Answer 8

Linolenic Acid

Question 9

• found in myelin sheath and other cell membranes
• can also have phosphoethanolamine

(ceramide with a phosphocholine group on the bare OH)

Answer 9

Sphingomyelin

• where are they found?

Question 10

Answer 10

Cholesterol

Question 11

5,8,11,14-C_20:4

omega-6 polyunsaturated

• very important as a signaling molecule > creates prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes

Answer 11

Arachidonic Acid

importance?

Question 12

Answer 12

phosphatidylcholine

AKA lecithin

Question 13

• main compononents of biological membranes
• glycerol with 2 FAs and phosphate on C3
• glycerol-3-phosphate not 1, because glycerol is prochiral

Answer 13

What are glycerophospholipids?

Why is the phosphate specifically located on a certain carbon of the backbone?

Question 14

• serine is Z group
• held on inner layer of cell membrane by flippase
• during apoptosis, flippase stops holding it and its flip to the outer layer to signal macrophages

Answer 14

phosphatidylserine

where is it found?

what does it do?

Question 15

Answer 15

Cortisol

Question 16

9,12-C_18:2

omega-6 polyunsaturated

Answer 16

Linoleic Acid

Question 17

Answer 17

Testosterone

Question 18

• inner cell membrane

Answer 18

phosphatidyl-inositol

where is it?

Question 19

• main constituent of olive oil

9-C_18:1

omega-9

Answer 19

Oleic Acid

Question 20

Cardiolipin

• glycerophospholipid with phosphatidyl-glycerol as its Z group
• in other words 2 phosphatidic acids with glycerol between them
• this means it has 4 FA attached… 2 for each glycerol

Answer 20

What lipid constitutes about 20% of the inner mitochondrial membrane?

Question 21

• found in various sphingolipids in cell membranes
• important in signaling as well

(looks like a glycerol with middle OH subbed by amino and 3rd H subbed by 15-C w/ double bond on first C)

Answer 21

Sphingosine

where is it found?

Question 22

Answer 22

aldosterone

Question 23

Answer 23

Progesterone

Question 24

Answer 24

Cholic Acid