Lipid Condensed

Question 1

_____ are the mainstay of treatment of hyperlipidemia

Answer 1

Statin

Question 2

_____ and to a lesser extent_________ and _________may need adjustments in renal pts.

Answer 2

Pravastatin Lovastatin

Question 3

Processing of dietary fats, cholesterol, and lipid-soluble vitamins

Answer 3

Exogenous

Question 4

Completely synthetic compounds

Answer 4

Atorvastatin, Fluvastatin, Rosuvastatin

Question 5

Synthetically derived from a fermentation of the same fungus (Aspergillus terreus)

Answer 5

Simvastatin and Pravastatin

Question 6

naturally occurring. Isolated from a strain of Aspergillus terreus.

Answer 6

Lovastatin

Question 7

Prodrugs. Require metabolism to the open β-hydroxyl acid form to be pharmacologically active

Answer 7

Lovastatin, Simvastatin

Question 8

Administered as active β-hydroxyl acid form

Answer 8

Atorvastatin, Fluvastatin, Pravastatin

Question 9

_________ can decrease absorption of statins

Answer 9

Bile acid-binding resins

Question 10

Food intake increases plasma concentrations. Has minimal effects on other statins.

Answer 10

Lovastatin

Question 11

only statin not highly protein bound and is only statin that does not undergo extensive metabolism by Hepatic P450 enzymes

Answer 11

Pravastatin

Question 12

Elimination of statins is ____ hours except ________(Elimination half times = 14 hours)

Answer 12

1-4, Atorvastatin

Question 13

minimal renal excretion and may not require renal dose adjustments

Answer 13

Atorvastatin and Fluvastatin

Question 14

Statins are teratogenic in animals: What pts would you not expect to be on statins??

Answer 14

Pregnant pts

Question 15

myopathy is frequent. Metabolized by CYP3A4 thus their concentrations are increased by CYP3A4 inhibitors: Coumadin, Protease Inhibitors (HIV), Macrolide Abx, and Azole Antifungals.

Answer 15

Simvastatin and Lovastatin

Question 16

Metabolized by CYP2C9 and have lowest rate of events.

Answer 16

Fluvastatin and rosuvastatin

Question 17

the most effective drugs for decreasing plasma concentrations of triglycerides

Answer 17

Fibrates: -Gemfibrozil -Fenofibrate -Bezafibrate: In -addition thought to improve insulin sensitivity

Question 18

Clofibrate: original fibric acid drug. No longer drug of choice d/t concerns of___________

Answer 18

increased noncardiovascular adverse events

Question 19

Gemfibrozil protein binding

Answer 19

99%

Question 20

Fenofibrate is a ___.

Answer 20

Prodrug

Question 21

increases cholesterol content of bile (lithogenicity) and may increase formation of gallstones; Increase risk of myopathy and rhabdomyolysis when given with statins especially lovastatin. Anticoagulant effect of warfarin is potentiated. Prudent to avoid in renal and hepatic disease.

Answer 21

Gemfibrozil

Question 22

increase in noncardiovascular mortality: due to low plasma cholesterol concentrations, which predispose pts to hemorrhagic stroke, particularly when system hypertension is present.

Answer 22

Clofibrate