Linux Flashcards
3 main distributions of linux
Red Hat - Debian - SUSE
What are some common Debian-based distributions
Ubuntu - Linux Mint - Kali Linux
What are some common Red Hat-based distributions
Fedora - CentOS - RHEL
What are the different types of releases for Ubuntu
even number (18.04, 20.04) are long-term support (LTS) with 5 years of support
odd number (19.04, 21.04) are standard releases (interim) with 9 months of support
What is the difference between LTS and standard releases
LTS is for stable and reliable operating systems for work or personal use
Standard releases are for more cutting-edge use cases
Rolling release model
updates continually come out in a rolling based mode so there is no long term support
Samba
cross-platform file sharing protocol that supports SMB
what is the first character in a file permission string for, and what are the common different options?
represents the file type.
d for directory
- for a regular file
l for symbolic link
what are the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th character in a file permission string for, what are the different options, and what order are they in?
represents the file permissions for the owner of the file or directory in the order of rwx.
r is for reading
w is for writing
x is for executing
- is an absent character which means the permission is not granted
what are the 5th, 6th, and 7th character in a file permission string for?
represents the file permissions for the group that the file belongs to
what are the 8th, 9th, and 10th characters in a file permission string for?
represents the file permissions for all other users
what is /dev/tty or ‘tty’ command do
tty is a terminal instance number that is open. if you have have 3 terminals open for example, the first would be tty0, the second would be tty1, and the third would be tty2. ‘tty’ command shows the path to the terminal instance you are running
what is the octal notation for file permissions and how do you configure them?
4 - read
2 - write
1 - execute
0 - none
add the numbers together into one digit in place of the permission group.
Ex: “chmod 740 example.txt” changes permission to rwx, r–, —
How do variables work in linux and how are they stored?
Variables can be assigned values using the syntax ‘variable_name=value’, and the value of the variable can be accessed later on using ‘$variable_name’. Variables are stored in memory but you can add the variable to you shell’s configuration file.
What is a shadow file and what directory is it in?
the shadow file is in the /etc directory which keeps password hashes for user accounts along with other info like ID and group ID.
