Linear Kinetics/Kinematics and Projectile Kinematics Flashcards
Projection Height (+|-)
+ projection dec optimal PA
- projection inc optimal PA
+ = landing < release (angle < 45)
- = landing > release (angle > 45)
The effect of Height and Angle of Release on the range of a projectile:
Landing ht > release = angle > 45
Landing ht < release = angle < 45
What are the types of motion?
Linear- rectilinear, curvilinear
Angular
General
What are the 3 basic kinetic variables?
Velocity
Acceleration
Position
What is calculated from position data?
Velocity
Acceleration
What factors influence projectile trajectory?
- Gravity- constant
- Air Resistance- negligible
3/4. Projection Velocity (angle and speed) - Projection Height (+ = dec optimal angle, - = inc optimal angle)
What is the best measure of inertia?
Mass- more mass = more resistance to change
Momentum:
2 objects can have the ______ velocity, but the object with the ______ mass will have ______ momentum.
Same
Greater
Greater
(L = mv)
CoR:
Higher _____ ______ = _______ CoR
Bounce height
Higher
The greater the ______ the ______ the opposing _____ need to slow down.
Momentum
Greater
Impulse
How does temperature affect CoR?
Increase temp = increase CoR
Extreme temps cause decrease
Projection Angle for Max Distance
= 45 degrees
Projection Angle for Max Height
= 90 degrees
General Motion
The combination of linear and angular motion
- moving along a line with rotation
Positive Acceleration
Positive direction (right) | Negative direction (left)
Inc magnitude | Dec magnitude
(Net accel to the right +) | (Net accel to the right +)
Negative Acceleration
Positive direction | Negative direction
Dec magnitude | Inc magnitude
(Net accel to the left -). | (Net accel to the left -)
Motion
The action of process of change in position
Speed (s)
Rate of change in in distance with responses to time
Scalar
Kinematics
Description of motion without regard to the forces causing motion
Displacement
The straight line change in position from the starting position to the final position
“How far and in what direction?”
Kinetics
The study of the underlying causes (forces) of motion
Elastic collisions
When momentum is conserved and the objects separate after collision
Lbefore = Lafter
Position
An objects location on an axis, in a plane or in space
Impulse and Momentum Relationship
Describes the effects of a force over a period of time
- impulse causes mass to change its velocity, or
- the greater the momentum, the greater the opposing impulse needed to “slow” an object
Coefficient of Restitution
- relative elasticity of impact
- influences amount off time it takes to restore shape
- dependent on characteristics of both object and surface
- influence by temp and velocity of impact
Inertia
- an object’s resistance to change in motion
- Newton’s 1st law
Acceleration
- the rate of change in an object’s velocity
- vector
- speeding up, slowing down, stops or change in direction
Linear Motion
Rectilinear motion- all points on an object move in a straight line (same distance), no change in orientation
Curvilinear- no change in orientation, move along a curve
Distance
- scalar
- the actual path of movement
“How far?”
Rectilinear Motion
- no change in orientation
- all points move same distance in straight line
Curvilinear Motion
- NO change in orientation, change in PATH of points along a curve
Angular Motion (rotary/rotation)
- orientation of object changes- moves in circles or about an axis
- all points do NOT always travel the same distance
Velocity
- vector
- change in position/displacement with respect to time
Conservation of Momentum
When the net external force of a system/object is zero, the total linear momentum will remain constant
Inelastic Collisions
Momentum is conserved, objects remain together after collision
