Linear Kinematics Flashcards
What is linear motion
It occurs when all points on a body/object move the same distance/direction/time
What is linear motion also known as
Translation.
What is rectilinear translation
When all points in the body move in a straight line
What is motion
The action or process of a change in position
What type of motion is skating?
Rectilinear motion
What is displacement?
Displacement is 0 when you start and finish at the same position.
Eg. Run round 400m track.
However , displacement changes when you end in a different position.
Eg. Run 200m round a 400m track
Equation for impulse is?
Force x time
What is the Cartesian coordinate system for?
Provides a method of rendering graphs and indicating the positions of two points on a 2D surface or in a 3D space.
It’s used to define positions/origins
What is trojectory?
Path where object starts and lands
Identify the 3 mechanical factors of determining projectile motion
Speed
Height
Angle
State one mechanical factor that maximises range in trajectory
Speed
What landing Heigh is above 45
Negative
What landing heigh is 0
Positive
What’s a sporting example of negative landing height
Basketball throw
What is the definition of kinetics
Branch of mechanics of which forces are concerned
What is kinematics ?
Branch of mechanics concerned with motion of objects
How do you increase release speed
Kinetics ( force N.s)
Eg. Impulse ( force N.s x time)
What is force ?
Force = mass x acceleration
What are the basic kinetic concepts
Inertia
Mass
Weight
What is inertia
Resistance to change
What’s an example of inertia
An ice skater spinning round sticking her arms out increasing her inertia and increases her resistance to change. So she slows down
However , if she tucked her arms in decreases her inertia resulting in her speeding up.
What is weight?
The measure of force of gravity acting on the object
What is mass
The quantity of matter in an object
How many Newton’s in 1kg?
9.81 Newton’s
What is momentum
Product of mass and velocity of a body
What’s the equation for momentum
Mass x velocity
What’s is momentum measured in
Kg.m/s
What’s impulse
Force x time
What is impulse momentum relationship
So Impulse = force x time
Momentum = mass x velocity
So the change of momentum of a object is a result on an impulse being applied.
What’s a sporting example of impulse momentum relationship
Javelin throw
Impulse= the arm is accelerated over a longer period of time
Resulting in a increased release of velocity (momentum)
Force x time (increases ) - mass x velocity (increases)
What’s Newton’s first law
Inertia
Acceleration , deceleration and change of direction can not happen unless force is applied
What is Newton’s 2nd law
Momentum
A force applied causes an acceleration of a body which has a size proportion to the force and occurs in the same direction of force
What’s Newton’s 3rd law
Reaction
Every action has a reaction
What is a moment
A moment is torque.
Torque = a turning effect produced by a force
What’s a unit of torque
Newton.s
What is friction
Coefficient of friction x normal reaction force
What’s is static friction
When both forces are equal
What’s rolling friction
A wheel rolling on the wall
What is sliding friction
Skiing
What is Coefficient restitution
The elasticity of two objects in collisions.
Eg. When a ball hits the wall
How would you work out coefficient restitution of a ball being dropped
e= square root of height bounce / height drop
e =coefficient restitution
How to work out impact.
Using a bat hitting a ball
EM = e x EM before.
What are the factors affecting coefficient restitution
Temperature Impact velocity Characteristics of the floor Characteristics of the ball Height drop
What is the equation for work
Work(J) =force x displacement
How much work is done from point a-b
What are the types of energy
Kinetic (motion)
Potential
What are the two types of potential energy
Gravitational
Strain
