Lindas glodme 2.2 Flashcards
Market economy
An economy in which decisions based on investments, prod and distrib are based on supply and demand, and goods prices’ are determined by free price system
Consumer economy
an economy that is driven in large part by demand from buyers within the economy itself - the driving force is selling things to your own people; USA
Export-led economy
an economy that is driven largely by demand from outside the economy - the driving force is selling things to outside entities; Japan
Command economy
Driven from the center. Government and state linked together. Stailin USSR
Parliamentary stalemate
A kind of legislative / government gridlock where no new laws or actions are possible because the government is divided - no one group or party is strong enough to make the government work
The Great Depression
The financial and industrial slump of 1929 and subsequent years caused by stock market crash, too much growth
The New Deal
A program of economic reform, regulation, and restructuring undertaken in the 1930s by the U.S. government under FDR - central to this effort was rebuilding consumer demand through government job creation
Franklin Delano Roosevelt
President of the U.S. during the Great Depression and World War Two - he radically increased the economic and social power of the federal government. Poured money into public services to help ppl
The Weimar Republic
Germany between 1918 and 1933 - this was a parliamentary form that came in after the abdication of the Kaiser and that was destroyed by the rise of the Nazi’s in 1933
Holocaust
The effort, undertaken by the Nazi’s during World War II, to systematically exterminate the Jewish population of Europe - resulted in over 6 million deaths.
Fascism
Italian political party in power from 1922 - 1943 - ultranationalist, violently anti-communist, allied with the Nazis in Germany - led by Benito Mussolini
Nazism - NSDAP
The National Socialist German Workers’ Party - in power from 1933 - 1945 - led by Adolf Hitler
Hitler
Nazi leader from the early 1920s through 1945 - author of Mein Kampf - architect of Nazi political, military, cultural, and social policy.
Racial hygiene
The idea that a group of people could be made more or less healthy by determining who could reproduce - that a whole people could be “cleaned” by attending to the purity of their racial, cultural, and mental characteristics - this idea was a central part of Nazi ideology
Mein Kampf
Meaning “my struggle” this was Hitler’s own story of his life up to the early 1920s - laid out his worldview including his hatred for the Jews and his belief that Germany had been betrayed in World War I.
Stalinism
A movement designed to expand rapidly Soviet industry, complete collectivization, and centralize power in the Soviet government via a series of centrally coordinated 5 year plans in the 1930s - hugely mixed results
5 Year Plan
Stalin’s project to boost industrial production, collectivize private land and capital, and centralize power under his control - both massive development and catastrophic collapse resulted
“revolution from above”
The Leninist / Stalinist idea that the communist revolution was not complete due to the widespread ownership of private land and capital and the persistence of bourgeois beliefs and values in the Soviet masses - a bottom up movement was not going to work so the elite few - the Vanguard of the Proletariat - was going to have to bring the revolution down on the masses instead
Engineered famine
A food shortage that is created on purpose - Stalin did this to break up the resistance of the countryside to his collectivization reforms and to help reinvest wealth into industry during the Five Year Plans - Millions died
Collectivization
The process of bringing private wealth into public ownership - could refer to land or capital
Armenian Genocide
The systematic removal and subsequent death of around 1.5 million Armenians from Turkey during World War I - Turks deny the accuracy of this term
Middle East Mandates
After World War I, the area of former Ottoman lands were parcelled up into these separate areas and run in various degrees of dependence by the French and the British
ibn Saud - Saudi Arabia
He conquered the Arabian Peninsula from Hussein Ibn Ali in the 1920s and founded a new line of kings that lasts to this day. Supported by the UK and later the the USA.
Faysal ibn Husayn
King of Syria in 1920 and King of Iraq from 1921-1933. Hashemite monarchy/dynasty
