Limits Flashcards
TORQUE LIMITS
Normal …………………………..400‐2230 FT‐LB
Maximum @ 2000 RPM …………..2230 FT‐LB
5 Second Transient. …………………2750 FT‐LB
<1600 RPM ……………………………1100 FT‐LB Max
2120 RPM………………………………..1800 FT-LB Max
PROPELLER LIMITS
-Minimum at Low Idle ……………… ≥1150 RPM
(^@CONTINOUS UNFEATHERED GROUND OPS^)
Normal …………………………………… 1600‐2000 RPM
Maximum …………………………………2000 RPM
5 Second Transient…………………….2200 RPM Max Reversing …………………………………1900 RPM
1800 FT/LB MAX AT 2120 RPM
ITT LIMITS
ITT Normal …………………………….400‐800C Maximum Continuous ……………. 800C
Reduced Engine Life ………………. >770C
5 Second Transient…………………..850C
Maximum Starting (5 Seconds > 800C) ……………………… …………….1000C
Max Reversing ………………………… 750C
N1 LIMITS
Low Idle ………………………… 58% Maximum ……………………….101.5%
10 Second Transient ………..102.6%
Max Reversing ……………….. 88%
Minimum High Idle……………70%
OIL TEMPERATURE LIMITS
Minimum for Starting …………… ‐40C
Normal ………………………………….0‐99C
Maximum ……………………………… 99C
10 Minute Transient ……………… 104C
An engine oil temperature of 74 to 80 °C is recommended.
A minimum oil temperature of 55 °C is recommended for fuel heater operation at takeoff power. (AKA OIL-to FUEL Heat Exchange)
OIL PRESSURE LIMITS
Minimum…………………………………60 PSI
<21,000’ Caution Range …………. 85‐100 PSI
<21,000’ Normal Range ………….. 100‐135 PSI
> 21,000’ Normal Range …………… 85‐135 PSI Maximum Starting with Cold Oil … 200 PSI
PNEUMATICS psi range
Normal ………………………………. 12‐20 PSI Maximum …………………………… 20 PSI
PROPELLER DEICE AMPS LIMITS
Normal ……………………………. 18‐24 AMPS
WEIGHT LIMITS
Ramp …………………………………….14,090 LBS
Takeoff (>10,000’ & >60 Min Duration) 14,000 LBS
Takeoff with Tailwind ……………….. ……..12,500 LBS
Maximum Landing ………………………….. 12,500 LBS
Maximum Zero Fuel …………………. ………11,000 LBS
Cabin Airstair Door ………………………………300 LBS
Toilet Seat for Takeoff & Landing ……………238 LBS
Cabin Section Flooring No Seat Tracks ….. 100 LBS/ft.2
Vmo (Below 11,500 Feet)
259 KIAS
Mmo (>11,500 to 35,000 Feet)
0.52 MACH
Windshield Icing (Max Speed)
226 KIAS
Approach Flaps Speed
200 KIAS
VA (Flaps retracted)
181 KIAS
Vle & Vlo
181 KIAS
Turbulent Air Penetration Speed
170 KIAS
Vlo (Retracting)
163 KIAS
Vfe
157 KIAS
Max Tire Speed
155 KIAS Standard Gear
139 KIAS High Flotation
Minimum Speed in Sustained Icing
140 KIAS
Engine Restart Speed (Min Using No Starter)
140 KIAS
Maximum Glide Speed @ 14,000 lbs
130 KIAS
Vyse @ 12,500 lbs (Blue Line)
121 KIAS
Minimum Coupled Approach
120 KIAS
Vsse (Minimum)
104 KIAS
Vmca (Sea Level)
86 KIAS
FUEL LIMITS
Maximum Fuel Imbalance ……………1,000 LBS
No Takeoff Range ……………………… 0‐265 LBS
FUEL PRESS annunciator illuminated …..10 hours
Fuel shall not be added to auxiliary tanks unless the corresponding main tank is full.
Crossfeed only during single engine operation.
Brake Deice Limits
- OFF >15C
- No longer than 10 min with gear retracted
- OFF during single engine operations
≥85% N1 when used w/ surface deice
Max Operating Altitude
35,000’ MSL
But not to exceed cabin pressure altitude of 10,000 ft IAW AR 95-1.
When operating with inoperative yaw damper, the altitude limit is 17,000 ft if the aircraft is not equipped with dual aft body strakes.
Max Operating Ambient Temp (SL-25,000)
ISA+37C
Max Operating Ambient Temp (>25,000’)
ISA+31C
Ice Vane Use
Visible Moisture and <=+5C
Ice Vane Retraction
≥15C
Min FAT for Deicing Boots
‐40C
Pitot‐Heat Ground Limit
15 min
Max Demonstrated Crosswind
25 kts @ 90*
Max Cabin Differential
6.6 PSI
Starter Limit
40s ON/60s OFF/
40s ON/60s OFF/
40s ON/30m OFF
AC Frequency
390 to 410 Hz
AC Voltage
110 to 120 VAC
DC Voltage
27.5 to 29.0 VDC
Min Battery Voltage for Start
22 VDC
Min Battery Voltage to Connect External Power
20 VDC
Landing Gear Limits
6 cycles, 5 min between, then 15 min cooldown
Limitations with Ferry Fuel Tanks
M4V2AN
- MAX Cabin air pressure rate of descent must not exceed 1500FPM
- MAX Aft CG must not exceed 196.4 in..
- MAX GTOW 14,500lb
- Maximum fuel 240 gal total.
- VNE 216 kts
- VMO 0.43
- Autopilot greater than 12,500 lb is prohibited
- NO flight into moderate turbulence. Shall be avoided.
GENERATOR LIMITS FLIGHT
Maximum generator load is limited to 100% for flight up to FL310.
88% above FL310
GENERATOR LIMITS GROUND
LOAD MIN. GAS GENERATOR RPM N1
0% to 75% - 58% (W/O AC) 65% (W/ AC)
75% to 80% - 60% (W/O AC) 65% (W/ AC)
80% to 85% - 65% (W/O AC) 65% (W/ AC)
*Right engine only, after stabilized.
FLIGHTS OVER 12,500 GTOW
- Shall be flown on a smooth, paved runway. -Takeoffs shall not be performed with a tailwind.
- Flown at or above 10,000’ AGL for a min. of 60 mins
MAXIMUM DESIGN MANEUVERING SPEED.
flaps retracted is 181 KIAS
flaps fully extended 111 KIAS
at 12,500 lb.
PROHIBITED MANEUVERS
(1) Spins.
(2) Aerobatics of any kind.
(3) Abrupt maneuvers above 181 KIAS.
Flight load factor limits (12,500 lb)
+3.17 to -1.27Gs Flaps up
+2.0 to -0Gs Flaps down.
Flight Load limits (14,000#)
+3.10 to -1.24 Gs Flaps Up
+2.0 to -0Gs Flaps Down
BANK AND PITCH LIMITS
a. Bank limits are 60° left or right.
b. Pitch limits are 30° above or below the horizon.
Turbulence Limits
Aircraft will not be intentionally flown into known or forecasted extreme turbulence or into known severe turbulence.
Turbulent air penetration airspeed is 170 KIAS.
ICING LIMITATIONS
Exit ASAP when:
- Unexplained 30% increase of torque needed to maintain air-speed in level flight,
- A cumulative total of two or more inches of ice accumulation on the wing
- An unexplained decrease of 15 KIAS
- An unexplained deviation between pilot and copilot airspeed indicators
a. The maximum airspeed for effective windshield anti-icing is 226 KIAS.
b. The minimum airspeed for sustained icing flight is 140 KIAS.
c. Sustained flight in icing conditions with flaps extended is prohibited except for approach and landing.
d. Use of the autopilot during severe icing conditions is prohibited.
LAND AS SOON AS POSSIBLE
defined as landing at the nearest suitable landing area (e.g., open field) without delay. The primary consideration is to ensure the survival of occupants.
LAND AS SOON AS PRACTICABLE
is defined as landing at a suitable landing area(airport). The primary consideration is the urgency of the emergency.
