Limitations Flashcards
Maximum Ramp Weight (MRW)
53,250 lbs
Maximum Takeoff Weight (MTOW)
53,000 lbs
Maximum Landing Weight (MLW)
47,000 lbs
Maximum Zero Fuel Weight (MZFW)
44,000 lbs
Cargo compartment loading limit
3,500 lbs
Max airport pressure alt. for Takeoff and Landing
10,000 ft
Maximum operating altitude
41,000 ft
Max ambient air temp approved for takeoff and landing
ISA +35* C
Minimum ambient air temp approved for takeoff
-40*C
Takeoff- Max Rotation Rate on take off
3 degrees per second
During takeoff, Pitch trim must be set according to what?
Computed center of gravity
-During ground operations, the cowl anti ice system must be ON when
- OAT is 10*C or below and visibility moisture in any form is present
- When operating on runways, ramps, or taxiways where surface snow, ice, standing water, or slush is present.
- In Flight, the engine cowl anti ice system must be ON-
- When in Icing conditions or
- When ICE is annunciated by the ice detection system
Wing Anti-Ice System
-Ground Operations-
-Icing conditions exist on the ground when the OAT is 5*C or below and :
. >Visible moisture in any form is present below 400’ AGL or
. >The runway is wet or contaminated, or
. >In the presence of any precipitation.
- The wing anti-ice system must be selected on during final taxi prior to take off if the OAT is 5°C or below (regardless of weather conditions), unless type II, type III or type IV anti-icing fluids have been applied. During single engine taxi operations, final taxi prior to takeoff is defined as that period after the second engine is started.
- L or R WING A/ICE caution messages may be posted during taxi but must be verified out and WING A/ICE ON and advisory message posted, prior to take off. If wing anti-ice is not required for take off, it should be selected OFF just prior to take off.
- To prevent wing contamination from reverse jet blast, operating the trust reversers during taxi operations on wet and contaminated surfaces should be avoided.
-The wing anti-ice system must be selected and confirmed on for takeoff,when the OAT is 5°C or below and:
> visible moisture in any form is present below 400 feet AGL, . or
. >The runway is wet or contaminated, or
. >In the presence of any precipitation
- If the wing anti-ice system is selected ON for take off, the owl anti-ice system must also be selected ON.
- When type II, type III or type IV anti-ice fluids have been applied, the wing anti-system must only be selected and confirmed ON just prior to thrust increase for takeoff.
- Refer to Vol. I 5-2 – take off.
During flight the wing anti-Ice system must be ON:
- ICE is Annunciated by the ice detection system, or
- In icing conditions and the airspeed is less than 230 KIAS.
**Icing conditions exist in flight at a TAT of 10°C or below, and visible moisture in any form is encountered, except when SAT is -40°C or below. **
Super-Cooled Large Droplet Icing
~Continued operation in areas where SLD icing conditions exist is prohibited.
~SLD icing conditions are indicated by ice accretion on the flight compartment side windows.
~The wing anti-ice system must be ON in SLD icing conditions.
~The cowl ant-icing system must be On in SLD icing conditions.
~Leave icing conditions when side window icing occurs.
Critical Surfaces
Wings upper fuselage horizontal stabilize vertical stabilizer control surfaces engine inlets
Cold Weather Operations
Take off is prohibited with Frost, ice, snow or slush adhering to any critical surface.
!WARNING! Small amounts of Frost, ice, snow or slush on the wing leading edges and forward upper wing surface may adversely change the stall speeds, stall characteristics and the protection provided by the stall protection system, which may result in loss of control and takeoff.
Exception: takeoff is permitted with frosted hearing to:
. >The upper surface of the fuselage,if it is possible to distinguish service features (markings and lines); Frost in excess of this must be removed from the fuselage
. >the underside of the wing fuel tank area, that is caused by cold soaked fuel. Maximum 3 mm (1/8 inch) layer of frost
In addition to a visual check, a tactile check of the wing leading-edge, wing forwarding upper surface, and wing rear upper surface is required during the external walk around inspection to determine at the wing is free from frost, ice, snow or slush when: the OAT is 10°C or less ; or
. >The OAT is 10C or less; or
. >The wing fuel temp is 0C or less or
. >The atmospheric conditions have been conducive of frost formation.
Ice and Frost may continue to adhere to wing surfaces for some time even at OAT above 10*C
Enhanced Takeoff Procedures and Winter Operations Training
No takeoff shall be conducted where the 0AT is 5°C or below, unless the PIC has successfully completed specific training, within the preceding 12 calendar months, for takeoff procedures, ground icing conditions, and cold-weather operations.
No takeoff shall be conducted by a pilot where the OAT is 5°C or below, unless that pilot has successfully completed specific training, within the preceding 12 calendar months, for takeoff procedures, ground icing conditions, and cold-weather operations.
If neither of the preceding requirements has been complied with, the wing anti-ice system must be selected ON for take off, just prior to thrust increase for take off, if the OAT is 5*C or below.
Maximum Runway Slope for TOL’s
+2 degrees (up hill)
-2 degrees. (down hill)
Max tailwind approved for landing
10 KTS
Minimum flight crew
1 pilot and 1 copilot
Engine Indications
Red- maximum and Minimum Limitations
Amber- Caution Range
Green- Normal Operating Range
Required engine run time prior to takeoff
2 minutes
Minimum IDLE engine run time prior to shut down
2 minutes
May include taxi time that occured below 80% N2
Before the first flight of the day, when the aircraft is cold soaked at an ambient temperature of -30°C or below for more than eight hours, the engines must be
motored for 60 seconds and fan rotation must be verified before start is initiated.
Thrust reversers must be actuated until the deploy and stow cycles are less than five seconds
Continuous Engine Ignition must be used in which 6 situations?
> Takeoff and landing on contaminated runways.
Take off with crosswind component greater than 10kts.
Flight through moderate or heavier intensity rain.
Flight through moderate or heavier intensity turbulence.
Flight in the vicinity of thunderstorms.
Engine operation at or near shaker and pusher settings