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AWAC Flash Study > Limitations > Flashcards

Limitations Flashcards

1
Q

Manufacturer maximum operating Altitude…..?

Air Wisconsin maximum operating Altitude…..?

Maximum takeoff and landing Altitude…..?

Minimum takeoff and landing Altitude…..?

A

Manufacure max op Alt. ……41,000 ft.
Air Wisconsin maximum operating…….37,000 ft.

Maximum takeoff and Landing…….10,000 ft.

Minimum takeoff and landing…….-1,000 ft.

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2
Q

RVSM Required Equipment List.

A

FCM 2.2.2

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3
Q

Maneuvering Load Limits

A

FCM 2.2.3

Flaps retracted......... -1g to +2.5g
Flaps extended (all positions)..........0g to +2.0g
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4
Q

Minimum and Maximum Operational Temperatures

Takeoff Minimum Ambient…..?

Takeoff maximum (-1,000 to sea level)…..?

Takeoff maximum (sea level to 10,000 ft)…..?

Enroute maximum (sea level to 10,000 ft)…..?

Enroute maximum (above 10,000 ft to 41,000 ft)…..?

A

Takeoff minimum (ambient) …..-40ºC

Takeoff maximum (-1,000 to sea level)…..+50ºC

Takeoff maximum (sea level to 10,000 ft)…..ISA+ 35ºC

Enroute maximum (sea level to 10,000 ft)…..ISA+ 35ºC

Enroute maximum (above 10,000 ft to 41,000 ft)…..ISA +30ºC

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5
Q

FLAPS OPERATING / EXTENDED SPEEDS

A

FCM 2.3.1

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6
Q

Landing Gear Speeds

A

FCM 2.3.2-3

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7
Q

TURBULENCE PENETRATION SPEEDS

A

Speed 280 or Mach .75 which ever is more restrictive.

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8
Q

MINIMUM OPERATING LIMIT SPEED

A

Intentional speed reduction below the onset of stall warning, as defined by stick
shaker operation, is prohibited unless a lower speed is specifically authorized for
flight test or training operations

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9
Q

MAXIMUM AIRSPEED FOR ADG OPERATION

A

FCM 2.3.8

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10
Q

PASSENGER CAPACITY (COMPANY)

A

Air Wisconsin’s aircraft are configured with 50 flotation devices, in the form of
seat cushions, plus 3 life preservers in separate storage for passengers (child life
preservers). The number of flotation devices limits the total number of
passengers in the cabin to 53

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11
Q

CARGO COMPARTMENT LOADING LIMITATIONS (COMPANY)

A

FCM 2.4.5

The manufacturer’s limit of 3,500 pounds has been reduced by 100 pounds
to a Company limit of 3,400 pounds due to fixed ballast located in the cargo
compartment

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12
Q

RUNWAY SLOPE

A

FCM 2.5.1

Minimum slope………………………………………………………………………………… -2%
Takeoff maximum……………………………………………………………………………. +2%

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13
Q

CROSSWIND / TAILWIND

A

FMS 2.5.2

Maximum demonstrated crosswinds are derived using steady-state winds from
flight tests conducted on a dry runway. Gust factors, while not limiting, should be
combined with existing weather, runway length, and surface conditions when
considering a decision to takeoff or land. While demonstrated crosswind
components are not AFM limitations, the following will be considered limitations
for Air Wisconsin operations.

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14
Q

Maximum demonstrated crosswind component:

A

FCM 2.5.3

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15
Q

X-WIND CATEGORY II OPERATIONS

A

FCM 2.5.4

The maximum wind components for landing during CAT II Operations are:
Crosswind…………..15 knots
Tailwind…………….. 10 Knots

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16
Q

CONTAMINATED RUNWAY OPERATIONS

Max depths of contaminents for takeoff and landing.

A

FCM 2.5.5

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17
Q

PITCH TRIM

A

2.6.2

Failure to set the pitch trim appropriate to the
computed center of gravity may result in excessive
rotation rate at takeoff.
Pitch trim must be set according to the airplane’s computed center of gravity

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18
Q

ROTATION RATE AND PITCH ATTITUDE

A

FCM 2.6.1

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19
Q

DISPATCH OPERATIONAL LIMITATIONS

A

FCM 2.7

Flap Extended Diversion
Upon arrival at the destination airport, an approach shall not be commenced,
nor shall the flaps be extended beyond the 0 degree position, unless one of
the following conditions exists:
• When conducting a precision approach, the reported visibility (or RVR) is
confirmed to be at or above the visibility associated with the landing minima
for the approach in use, and can be reasonably expected to remain at or
above this visibility until after landing; or
• When conducting a non-precision approach, the reported ceiling and
visibility (or RVR) are confirmed to be at or above the ceiling and visibility
associated with the landing minima for the approach in use, and can be
reasonably expected to remain at or above this ceiling and visibility until
after landing; or
• An emergency or abnormal situation occurs that requires landing at the
nearest suitable airport; or
• Option NOT USED by AWA.

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20
Q

SINGLE ENGINE TAXI (SET) LIMITATIONS (COMPANY)

A

FCM 2.8.1

Single engine taxi (SET) is the expected method of conducting taxi operations.
SET is not authorized:
• when damage or injury may result to equipment or personnel on the ramp
due to high thrust settings which may be required.
• for the first outbound taxi of the day; or
• when airport surfaces are contaminated with snow or ice.
Only the left engine may be shutdown for SET into the gate.

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21
Q

LIGHTNING PROTECTION

A

FCM 2.9.6

The top (outboard-most) two (2) trailing dischargers on each winglet and 
horizontal tail end cap must be intact. See System 23 of the CDL in the MEL / 
CDL manual
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22
Q

COLD WEATHER OPERATIONS

When must a visual inspection of the wing happen?

A

FCM 2.9.7

In addition to a visual check, a tactile check of the wing leading edge, wing forward
upper surface, and wing rear upper surface is required during the External
Walkaround (Preflight) Inspection to determine that the wing is free from frost, ice,
snow, or slush when:
1. the OAT is 5ºC or less; or
2. the wing fuel temperature is 0ºC or less; or
3. the atmospheric conditions have been conducive to frost formation

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23
Q

COLD WEATHER OPERATIONS

Takeoff is prohibited when?

A

FCM 2.9.7

Takeoff is prohibited with frost, ice, snow, or slush adhering to any critical surface
(wings, horizontal stabilizer, vertical stabilizer, control surfaces, and engine inlets)

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24
Q

SYSTEMS - AIR CONDITIONING / PRESSURIZATION

A

FCM 2.10

Maximum differential pressures:
Positive ………………………………….. 8.7 PSI
Negative……………………………….. -0.5 PSI
During taxi, takeoff, and landing ……. 0.1 PSI

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25
Q

SYSTEMS - AIR CONDITIONING / PRESSURIZATION

A

FCM 2.10

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26
Q

SYSTEMS – AUTO-FLIGHT

A

FCM 2.11

RESTRICTED MODES
Aircraft Flight Control Computer (FCC): 622-9815-904 Aircraft 405-471.
Use of PITCH mode for takeoff, climbs and descents is prohibited (Company).
Use of DES mode (Flight Director or Autopilot coupled) during approach is not
permitted.

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27
Q

Auto pilot MINIMUM ALTITUDES FOR USE

A

FCM 2.11.2

Operation with the autopilot engaged is prohibited at altitudes below 600 ft AGL,
except when performing the following:
• For visual and non-precision approaches, the minimum autopilot use
height is 400 ft AGL.
• For precision approaches (ILS), the minimum autopilot use height is
80 ft AGL.
• In accordance with 14CFR Part 121.579, AWA policy is to disconnect
the autopilot at 50 feet below the approved minimum descent altitude or
decision height, or the limits listed above whichever is higher.
• The ADC source coupled to the active autopilot must be the same as
that coupled to the ATC transponder during flight in RVSM airspace.

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28
Q

AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM (AFCS)

What are the dangers of ALTS CAP during single engine ops?

A

2.11.3

WARNING
During the ALTS CAP mode the flight guidance/autopilot
may not maintain the selected airspeed. If an engine failure
occurs during a climb while in ALTS CAP or just before
ALTS CAP, the airspeed may drop significantly below the
safe operating speed. Crew intervention may be required to
maintain safe operating speed.

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29
Q

APU TEMPERATURE AND RPM LIMITATIONS AND INDICATIONS

A

FCM 2.12.2.1

APU start max EGT 974

Max RPM 107%

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30
Q

APU BLEED AIR LIMITATIONS

A

FCM 2.12.2.2

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31
Q

APU STARTING LIMITATIONS

What is the Max ALT for starting the APU?

A

FCM 2.12.2.4

Maximum altitude for starting: FL300.

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32
Q

What are the starter limitaions on the APU starter?

A

FCM 2.12.2.4

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33
Q

What the limitations of the 10th state bleeds if take off with Anti Ice is required?

A

FCM 2.13

The bleed air 10th stage valves must be closed for takeoff and landing if the
engine cowl and / or wing anti-ice systems have been selected ON

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34
Q

What is the load limit on the APU Generator?

A

FCM 2.14

35
Q

Flaps are prohibited above what Altitude?

A

FCM 2.15.1

Above 15,000 feet

36
Q

FLIGHT SPOILERS

AWAC limit

Safety Margines

A

FCM 2.15.2

AWA Limitation: Flight spoilers must not be extended in flight below an
altitude of 1,000 ft AFE.
To ensure adequate maneuver margins, flight spoilers must not be extended
in flight at airspeeds below the recommended approach (VREF+5) or
maneuvering (VREF+10) speeds plus 17 KIAS.

37
Q

STALL PROTECTION SYSTEM

Must be verified Operation when?

A

FCM 2.15.3

The stall protection system test must be accomplished before the first flight of the
day.

38
Q

HORIZONTAL STABILIZER TRIM SYSTEM

When must the STAB TRIM test be accomplished?

A

FCM 2.15.4

The horizontal stabilizer trim check must be accomplished prior to the first flight of the
day.

39
Q

What are the alternate airport requirements for a flap failure after takeoff?

A
  • Enroute Altitude Must not exceed 15,000 feet
  • Fuel must enough to fly to the airport with the flaps extended, cunduct an approach and land with 1000 lbs of fuel remaining.
  • 1 suitable runway of 6000 feet served by an instrument approach.
  • weather is to be at or above the minimums for the approach In use.
  • FCM Section 2-12
40
Q

Which static wicks must be installed on the aircraft?

A 
The top (outboard-most) two (2) trailing dischargers on each winglet and 
horizontal tail end cap must be intact. See System 23 of the CDL in the MEL / 
CDL manual.
41
Q

Takeoff is prohibited when during the winter?

A

Takeoff is prohibited with frost, ice, snow, or slush adhering to any critical surface
(wings, horizontal stabilizer, vertical stabilizer, control surfaces, and engine inlets).

Takeoff is permitted with frost adhering to the underside of
the wing, that is caused by cold-soaked fuel.

42
Q

When is a preflight walk around required to determine that the aircraft is free from frost or snow?

A

In addition to a visual check, a tactile check of the wing leading edge, wing forward
upper surface, and wing rear upper surface is required during the External
Walkaround (Preflight) Inspection to determine that the wing is free from frost, ice,
snow, or slush when:
1. the OAT is 5ºC or less; or
2. the wing fuel temperature is 0ºC or less; or
3. the atmospheric conditions have been conducive to frost formation.

43
Q

What are prohibited modes for using the auto flight?

A

Use of PITCH mode for takeoff, climbs and descents is prohibited (Company).
Use of DES mode (Flight Director or Autopilot coupled) during approach is not
permitted.

44
Q

What Auxiliary power unit does the CL-65 200 have?

A

GARRETT GTCP-36-150RJ

45
Q

What is the max operating altitude of the APU?

A

37,000 feet

AWAC

20,000

46
Q

What is the max starting altitude for the APU?

A

30,000

47
Q

Max altitude for using bleed air from the APU?

A

15,000

48
Q

Max altitude for using APU for engine start?

A

13,000

49
Q

What is the max EGT during APU start?

A

974 C

50
Q

The 10th stage bleed air valves must be closed when?

A

The bleed air 10th stage valves must be closed for takeoff and landing if the
engine cowl and / or wing anti-ice systems have been selected ON

51
Q

What is the Maximum time allowed on DC POWER only?

A

To protect flight compartment CRT displays, the maximum permissible time
for ground operations with DC power only is 5 minutes.

52
Q

Flight spoilers must not be used when?

A

300 ft

AWA Limitation: Flight spoilers must not be extended in flight below an
altitude of 1,000 ft AFE.
To ensure adequate maneuver margins, flight spoilers must not be extended
in flight at airspeeds below the recommended approach (VREF+5) or
maneuvering (VREF+10) speeds plus 17 KIAS.

53
Q

Can we use the terrain mapping for navigation?

A

Airplane navigation must not be predicated upon the use of the terrain display.
To avoid giving unwanted alerts, the terrain awareness alerting and display
functions must be inhibited on takeoff, approach, or landing within 15 nm of an
airport not included in the EGPWS airport database.

54
Q

What approaches are prohibited via the FMS?

A

• ILS, LOC, LOC-BC, LDA, SDF and MLS approaches using the FMS are prohibited.
The FMS does not provide automatic transition to the ILS.
• The approach must not be continued past the final approach fix if an FMS “NO
APPR” message is displayed on the PFD.

55
Q

Minimum fuel in main tanks before exceeding 500 lbs in the center tank?

A

4400 lbs

56
Q

Max fuel pressure refueling/gravity

A

14,518/13,906

57
Q

Minimum fuel temp for take off?

A

5 C

58
Q

In Flight, Icingconditions exist when?

A

IN FLIGHT
Icing conditions exist in flight at a TAT of 10ºC or below, and visible moisture in
any form is encountered (such as clouds, rain, snow, sleet, or ice crystals),
except when the SAT is -40ºC or below.

59
Q

VISIBLE MOISTURE DEFINITION

A

VISIBLE MOISTURE DEFINITION
Visible moisture includes, clouds, fog with visibility of 1 mile or less, rain, snow,
sleet or ice crystals.

60
Q

GROUND
Icing conditions exist when?

A

GROUND
Icing conditions exist on the ground when OAT is 5ºC or below and:
• visible moisture in any form (such as clouds, fog, or mist) is present below 400
feet AGL, or
• the runway is wet or contaminated, or
• in the presence of any precipitation (such as rain, snow, sleet, or ice crystals).

61
Q

If the wing anti ice is selected on for take off, what can not be present on ED1 and what MUST be present on ED2 prior to take off?

A

There can be no caution messeges for wing anti ice on ED1 and a Green Advisory message for Wing/Cowl Antice must be present on ED2

62
Q

The wing anti-ice system must be selected and confirmed ON for takeoff, when
OAT is 5ºC or below and:

A

The wing anti-ice system must be selected and confirmed ON for takeoff, when
OAT is 5ºC or below and:
• visible moisture in any form (such as clouds, fog, or mist), is present below 400
feet AGL, or
• the runway is wet or contaminated, or
• in the presence of any precipitation (such as rain, snow, sleet, or ice crystals)

63
Q

FLIGHT
Wing anti ice system must be on when?

A

Wing anti ice system must be on when:
• Ice is annunciated by the ice detector system, or
• when in icing conditions and the airspeed is less than 230 KIAS, or
• when in icing conditions during descent from cruise altitude, or
• prior to extending flaps for approach when TAT is 10C (50F) or below.

64
Q

The wing anti-ice system may be selected OFF on final approach when fully
configured for landing, if the following conditions are met:

A

The wing anti-ice system may be selected OFF on final approach when fully
configured for landing, if the following conditions are met:
• ICE is not annunciated by the ice detection system, and
• not in icing conditions.

65
Q

GROUND
The cowl anti-ice system must be on when?

Flight?

A

GROUND
The cowl anti-ice system must be on when the OAT is 10ºC or below and visible
moisture in any form is present (such as fog with visibility of one mile (1,500
meters) or less, rain snow, sleet and ice crystals).
The cowl anti-ice system must also be on when the OAT is 10ºC or below when
operating on runways, ramps, or taxiways where surface snow, ice, standing
water, or slush is present.

FLIGHT

The engine cowl anti-ice system must be on when in icing conditions or when
ICE is annunciated by the ice detection system.

66
Q

Max permissible oil consumption per hour is?

A

6.4 oz or 0.05 gallons.

67
Q

OIL LEVEL CHECKS
Engine oil levels must be checked as follows:

A

Engine oil levels must be checked as follows:
• The maximum duration without engine oil servicing is 16 operating hours.
• For airplane operations in excess of 16 operating hours (without engine oil
tank servicing), the engine oil level must be checked after every engine
shutdown from the flight compartment ENGINE OIL LEVEL panel.
• Wait for a minimum of three minutes after the engine shutdown and check
oil level no more than 30 minutes after engine shutdown.
• If more than 30 minutes since engine shutdown, an engine dry motoring is
required before you check the engine oil level

68
Q

OIL REPLENISHMENT SYSTEM
If an engine oil tank must be replenished, then the oil should be added how and when?

A

OIL REPLENISHMENT SYSTEM
If an engine oil tank must be replenished, then the oil should be added and the oil
level checked within 15 to 30 minutes after the engine shutdown.
Maximum refill allowed is 2 U.S. quarts without dry motoring the engine.
If the oil system has to be replenished to maximum capacity and the
replenishment period has been exceeded, the engine(s) must be dry motored.

How is by a mechanic. Pilots are not allowed to service engine oil.

69
Q

Minimum Oil Presure For Takeoff?

A

45PSI

70
Q

Max ITT on engine start?

A

900

71
Q

ITT max continuous thrust?

A

874

72
Q

Maximum transient oil pressure after cold start:

A

Maximum transient oil pressure after cold start:

  • 156 PSI
  • 130 PSI at idle for 10 minutes maximum
  • Engine must remain at idle until oil pressure returns to normal range.
73
Q

Max N2 split on the ground?

A

2%

74
Q

Do not accelerate above idle if N2 is?

A

Do not accelerate above idle if N2 is 57% or less with an OAT of -20º C or
greater (warmer).

75
Q

Definition of a cold soaked aircraft

A

COLD-SOAKED AIRCRAFT OPERATION
Before the first flight of the day, when the airplane is cold-soaked at an ambient
temperature of -30ºC or below for more than 8 hours:
• N1 fan rotation must be verified before introducing fuel for an engine start.
• Thrust reversers must be actuated until the deploy and stow cycles are less
than 5 seconds.

76
Q

When do I use continuous ingnition?

A

CONTINUOUS ENGINE IGNITION
2.21.5.1 REQUIREMENTS FOR USE
• Takeoff and landings on contaminated runways;
• Takeoffs with high crosswind components (over 15 knots);
• Flight through moderate or heavier intensity rain;
• Flight through moderate or heavier intensity turbulence;
• Flight in the vicinity of thunderstorms.

77
Q

Thrust reverser must be stowed by?

A

60kias

78
Q

Engine starter limits.

A
79
Q

Dry motoring limitations

A
80
Q

Windmilling relight envelope.

A
  • 21,000-15,000 speed 300-VMO N2 12-55%
  • Less -15,000 speed 300-VMO N2 9-55%
81
Q

Starter limitations

A
82
Q

What is the max permisable time for oberating the aircraft on DC power only on the ground?

A

5 Min

All cooling of the avionics is done via AC Power.

83
Q

Unusual attitudes are defined as:

A

Pitch 20 degrees nose up or down

Roll 30 left or right.

84
Q

Maximum decent rates:

A

10,000-5,000 3,000 fpm

5,000-1,500 2,000 fpm

2,000-sfc 1,000 fpm

AWAC Flash Study (10 decks)

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