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Chemistry GCSE > limestone and building materials > Flashcards

limestone and building materials Flashcards

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1
Q

What happens when calcium carbonate is heated (thermally decomposed)

A

breaks down to form calcium oxide and carbon dioxide

thermal decomposition

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2
Q

what happens when calcium oxide reacts with water

A

calcium hydroxide

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3
Q

what can limestone and its products be used for

A

make cement, mortar and concrete

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4
Q

what is limestone mainly

A

calcium carbonate

CaCO3

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5
Q

what is thermal decomposition

A

when something decomposes by heating strongly

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6
Q

what other metal carbonates thermally decompose similarly to calcium carbonate

A

sodium carbonate

magnesium carbonate

copper carbonate

zinc carbonate

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7
Q

do metals high in the reactivity series (sodium calcium and magnesium) need a lot of energy to decompose them or a little bit

A

a lot

not all carbonates of group 1 metals decompose at temperatures reached by a Bunsen burner

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8
Q

are metals low down in the reactivity series (copper) hard to decompose or easy

A

easy

why used at school

changes colour- green to black

easy to see

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9
Q

what is calcium hydroxide obtained from

A

calcium carbonate

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10
Q

how do u make calcium oxide

A

heat calcium carbonate strongly (thermal decomposition)

created calcium oxide and carbon dioxide

calcium oxide is yellow when hot but white when cold

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11
Q

how do you make calcium hydroxide

A

calcium oxide and water forms calcium hydroxide (it’s an alkali)

a lot of heat is produced in this reaction

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12
Q

what is limestone a type of

A

Rock, mainly composed of calcium carbonate

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13
Q

how is limestone obtained

A

CaCO3 is quarried and can be used as a building material

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14
Q

what do carbonate produce when they react with an acid

A

Carbon dioxide, a salt and a water

calcium carbonate + hydrochloric acid > carbon dioxide + calcium chloride + water

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15
Q

what damages limestone

A

acid rain

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16
Q

what carbonates react with acids

A

sodium carbonate

magnesium carbonate

zinc carbonate

copper carbonate

they all fizz and release carbon dioxide

17
Q

how can you text for carbon dioxide

A

like water f turns cloudy

18
Q

what is calcium hydroxide used for

A

to neutralise acidity ED lakes and soils affected by acid rain

19
Q

what is cement

A

made by heating powdered limestone with clay

it is an ingredient in motar and concrete

20
Q

what is motar

A

made by mixing cement with sand and water

used to join bricks together

21
Q

what is concrete

A

made by mixing cement with sand, water and aggregate (crushed rock)

22
Q

advantages of concrete

A

easily formed into different shapes

strong when squashed, weak when bent or stretched

23
Q

disadvantages of concrete

A

made stronger by reinforcing it with steel

some say concrete building and bridges are unattractive

24
Q

disadvantages with limestone cement and motar

A

react with carbon dioxide dissolved in rainwater and wear away- damages walls and leaves gaps

polliution makes rain more acidic making problems worse

25
Q

advantages of limestone

A

valuable natural resource, used to make glass and concrete

provides employment opportunities- supports local economy

26
Q

disadvantages of limestone

A

visible from long distances, permanently disfigure local environment

quarrying creates noise, traffic and damages people’s quality of life - it’s heavy

27
Q

what do rocks provide

A

rocks provide essential building materials

28
Q

how is calcium carbonate produced

A

when calcium hydroxide (limewater) reacts with carbon dioxide

limewater

29
Q

do all carbonates of group 1 metals decompose at the tempreture reached by a Bunsen burner

A

no

Chemistry GCSE (12 decks)

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