Limbic System

Question 1

What are the structures that are part of the cortical structures (limbic lobe) of the limbic system?

Answer 1

Septal area (rostral end of corpus callosum)
Cingulate Gyrus
Parahippocampal gyrus
Hippocampus
Orbitofrontal, prefrontal cortex

Question 2

What are the structures part of the associated subcortical nuclei of the limbic system?

Answer 2

Amygdaloid
Hypothalamus
Septal Nuclei (near fornix and anterior white commisure)
Anterior Thalamic group

Question 3

This nerve fiber pathway of the limbic system conveys efferent from the hippocampus to the ipsilateral septal nuclei and hypothalamus

Answer 3

Fornix

Question 4

This nerve fiber pathway of the limbic system conveys efferents from the amygdaloid to the septal nuclei and hypothalamus

Answer 4

Stria terminalis

Question 5

What are the two afferents to the limbic lobe, amygdaloid and hypothalamus?

Answer 5

Cortex and Reticular Formation

Question 6

What acts like a bridge between the diencephalon and widespread areas of the cortex?

Answer 6

Hippocampus

Question 7

What are the 4 functions of the hippocampus?

Answer 7

1. Attention
2. Memory (explicit) and the consolidation of short term into lasting memories
3. Spatial orientation
4. Stress

Question 8

What are the two functions of the septal nuclei?

Answer 8

1. Pleasure (Sexual Arousal, Drug euphoria)

2. Rage

Question 9

What are the three functions of the amygdala?

Answer 9

1. Sensory-affective interactions= instinctive reactions to sensory stimuli
2. Emotion= emotional reactions to new experiences
3. Modulator or controller of hypothalamic activities = arousal, sexual activity, eating, aggressive behaviors

Question 10

This localization within the amygdala produces a gradual build up of anger, hyperphagia, pleasure reactions and tameness based on normal social behaviors of individual

Answer 10

Lateral amygdala

Question 11

This localization of the amygdala is associated with decreased anger, aphasia, sadness, fear and defensive behaviors?

Answer 11

Medial amygdala

Question 12

The medial part of the amygdala is preferentially connected with what part of the hypothalamus?

Answer 12

Medial Hypothalamus- behaviors generated out of self-defense

Question 13

What kind of memory is the hippocampus involved in?

Answer 13

Declarative (explicit-memory of facts) memories, not procedural
Consolidates short term memories into lasting memories

Question 14

This part of the amygdala and the hypothalamus are associated with behaviors that are generated out of self defense.

Answer 14

Medial amygdala