Limb Injuries Flashcards
This type of dislocation of the hip is the case 90% of the times. The femoral head slips out of the acetabulum ___________ (direction wise). This lesion can occur in the case of a MVA where the knee strikes the dashboard with the thigh slightly abducted and drives the posterior head in a certain direction. What is the lesion?
Posterior dislocation of the Hip
—> posteriorly
Lesion to this type of joint dislocation may injure: Medial circumflex artery, lateral circumflex artery, femoral vein, femoral nerve, or the head of the femur. What is the most likely lesion to provoke these injuries?
Posterior dislocation of the hip
This injury involves a force applied to the lateral aspect of the knee while the foot is planted. The unhappy triad injury of the knee involves which structures? Aka O’Donahue’s Triad.
- Medial collateral ligament (MCL)
- Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)
- Lateral Meniscus (LM) *56% of cases
*Medial meniscus in 44%
The drawer sign is to test what? What’s supposed to happen?
It tests where the patient is supine, the knee is bent, and you pull like a drawer.
-A lesion to the ACL, should be seen when the tibia will move farther anteriorly - then the sign is positive.
What are the 3 ligaments that hold your ankle together laterally, followed my medially…?
Laterally: -Anterior talofibular ligament (MC injury in ankle sprain)
-Calcaneofibular ligament
-Posterior talofibular ligament
(tears are usually in this order)
Medially: Deltoid ligament (very rare to injure)
What structures can be damaged in an anterior shoulder dislocation?
- Axillary nerve and posterior circumflex artery
- Supraspinatus tendon
- Bankart Lesion (anterior dislocation)
- Hill-Sachs Lesion (traumatic injury)
A patient refers severe shoulder pain. These pains are due to severe shoulder adhesions that lock the shoulder in place; seen with disuse of the shoulder due to pain or prolonged immobilization. The patient refers restricted use of the shoulder. X-rays are normal, Arthogram shows constriction of the joint capsule and loss of axillary and subscapularis spaces. What pathology is at hand?
Adhesive capsulitis- AKA Frozen shoulder
Patient presents with a large muscle bulge at the mid part of the upper arm, as the muscle contracts, with bruising at the shoulder or elbow region. Also known as a Popeye’s lesion. what pathology is at hand?
Biceps tendon rupture
What is the name given to inflammation of the lateral epicondyle?
Lateral epicondylitis - AKA Tennis elbow
What is the name given to inflammation of the medial epicondyle and wrist flexors?
Medial epicondylitis AKA Golfers elbow
Inflammation of the bursa located on the elbow is called what? What is the treatment?
Olecranon bursitis
TX- drainage of the sac, and possibly a steroid injection.
What is a Bankart lesion?
Anterior shoulder dislocation where the Antero-glenohumeral ligaments (labrum separation causes the separation.
What is a Hill-Sachs Lesion?
Traumatic lesion to the posterolateral head of the humorous due to abrasion.
Lesion to the the posterior cord (C7) results in lesion to the axillary and radial nerve, causing what clinical manifestation?
Wrist drop
Distortions of the hand: lesion is proximal ulnar nerve injury. What is the presentation and problem with the nerve?
“Ok gesture” and proximal damage means unable to flex 4th and 5th digits. In extension all the time.
