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Anatomy > Limb > Flashcards

Limb Flashcards

1
Q

How many muscles are in the posterior compartment of the leg?

A

Superficial - 3

Deep - 4

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2
Q

What are the 3 muscles in the superficial compartment of the posterior leg?

A

Gastrocnemius
Plantaris
Soleus

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3
Q

What are the 4 muscles in the deep compartment of the posterior leg?

A

Popliteus
Tibialis posterior
Flexor hallucis longus
Flexor digitorum longus

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4
Q

How many muscles are there in the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

3

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5
Q

What are the 3 muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

Extensor hallucis longus
Extensor digitorum longus
Tibialis anterior

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6
Q

How many muscles are there in the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

2

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7
Q

What are the 2 muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

Peroneal (fibularis) longus

Peroneal (fibularis) brevis

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8
Q

How many muscles are there in the anterior compartment of the thigh?

A

7

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9
Q

What muscles is the quadriceps femoris made up of?

A

Rectus femoris
Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis
Vastus intermedius

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10
Q

What are the 7 muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh?

A 
Iliopsoas
Pectineus
Sartorius
Rectus femoris
Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis
Vastus intermedius
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11
Q

How many muscles are there in the medial compartment of the thigh?

A

5

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12
Q

What are the 5 muscles of the medial compartment of the thigh?

A 
Adductor brevis
Adductor longus
Adductor magnus (adductor part)
Gracilis
Obturator externus
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13
Q

What are the borders of the femoral triangle?

A

Superior - inguinal ligament
Lateral - sartorius
Medial - adductor longus

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14
Q

How many muscles are there in the posterior compartment of the thigh?

A

4

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15
Q

What are the 4 muscles of the posterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Biceps femoris (long and short head)
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Hamstring part of adductor magnus

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16
Q

How many muscles are there in the gluteal region?

A

Superficial - 4

Deep - 4

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17
Q

What are the 4 muscles in the superficial compartment of the glutes?

A

Gluteus maximus
Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Tensor fascia latae

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18
Q

What are the 4 muscles in the deep compartment of the glutes?

A

Piriformis
Superior and inferior gemelli
Obturator internus
Quadratus femoris

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19
Q

What is the arterial supply to the anterior thigh?

A

Femoral

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20
Q

What is the arterial supply to the medial thigh?

A

Obturator

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21
Q

What is the arterial supply to the posterior thigh?

A

Deep femoral (also supplies hamstring part of adductor magnus)

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22
Q

What is the arterial supply to the posterior leg?

A

Posterior tibial

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23
Q

What is the arterial supply to the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

Peroneal (fibrular)

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24
Q

What is the arterial supply to the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

Anterior tibial

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25
Q

What is the arterial supply to the glute muscles?

A

Superior gluteal

Inferior gluteal

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26
Q

Describe the course and branches of the external iliac?

A

External iliac
Femoral (gives off deep femoral)
Polpiteal
Bifurcates into posterior and anterior tibial
Anterior tibial becomes dorsalis pedis, posterior tibial gives off fibrular

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27
Q

What is the obturator, superior and inferior gluteal artery a branch of?

A

Internal iliac

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28
Q

How many muscles connect the scapula to the vertebral column (pectoral girdle)?

A

Superficial - 2

Deep - 3

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29
Q

What are the 2 superficial muscles of the pectoral girdle?

A

Latissmus dorsi

Trapezius

30
Q

What are the 3 deep muscles of the pectoral girdle?

A

Levator scapulae
Rhomboid major
Rhomboid minor

31
Q

How many muscles connect the scapula to the humerus?

A

6

32
Q

What 6 muscles connect the scapula to the humerus?

A 
Deltoid
Teres minor
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Subscapularis
Teres minor
33
Q

What muscles make up the rotator cuff:?

A

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Subscapularis
Teres minor

34
Q

How many muscles are there in the posterior compartment of the upper arm?

A

1

35
Q

What muscle is located in the posterior compartment of the upper arm?

A

Triceps brachii (long, medial and lateral head)

36
Q

How many muscles are located in the anterior compartment of the upper arm?

A

3

37
Q

What are the 3 muscles of the anterior compartment of the upper arm?

A

Biceps brachii (long and short head)
Brachialis
Coracobrachialis

38
Q

What are the borders of the cubital fossa?

A

Lateral - brachioradialis
Medial - pronator teres
Superior - line between medial and lateral epicondyle

39
Q

What are the contents of the cubital fossa?

A 
Tendon of biceps brachii
Bicipital aponeurosis
Brachial artery
Median nerve
Radial nerve
40
Q

How many muscles are found in the anterior compartment of the forearm?

A

Superficial - 4
Middle - 1
Deep - 3

41
Q

What are the 4 muscles in the superficial compartment of the anterior forearm?

A

Pronator teres
Flexor carpi radialis
Palmaris longus
Flexor carpi ulnaris

42
Q

What is the muscle found in the middle compartment of the anterior forarm?

A

Flexor digitorum superficialis

43
Q

What are the 3 muscles found in the deep compartment of the anterior forearm?

A

Pronator quadratus
Flexor digitorm profundus
Flexor poliicis longus

44
Q

What are the contents of the carpal tunnel?

A

Median nerve
Tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis
Tendons of flexor digitorum profundus
Tendon of flexor pollicis longus

45
Q

What are the borders of the popliteal fossa?

A

Superomedial - semimembranosus and semitendinosus
Superolateral - biceps femoris
Inferiorly - two heads of gastrocnemius

46
Q

What are the contents of the popliteal fossa?

A

Popliteal artery
Popliteal vein
Tibial nerve
Common peroneal nerve

47
Q

What are the 4 groups of muscles that form the intrinsic muscles of the hand?

A

Thenar (3)
Hypothenar (3)
Lumbricals (4)
Interossei (7)

48
Q

What are the 3 thenar muscles?

A

Flexor pollicis brevis
Abductor pollicis brevis
Opponens pollicis

49
Q

What are the 3 hypothenar muscles?

A

Flexor digiti minimi
Abductor digiti minimi
Opponens digiti minimi

50
Q

Describe the lumbricals

A

Arise from the tendons of digitorum profundus

Travel along the lateral aspects of the fingers and inserts on the dorsal aspect

51
Q

Describe the palmar interossei

A 
Lie between the metacarpals 
PAD DAB (palmar adduct)
52
Q

Describe the palmar interossei

A 
Lie between the metacarpals 
PAD DAB (palmar adduct)
53
Q

How many muscles are there in the posterior compartment of the arm?

A

Superficial - 6

Deep - 5

54
Q

What are the 6 muscles in the superficial compartment of the posterior forearm?

A 
(Anconeus)
Brachioradialis
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Extensor digitorum
Extensor digiti minimi
Extensor carpi ulnaris
55
Q

What are the 5 muscles in the deep compartment of the posterior forearm?

A 
Supinator
Abductor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis brevis
Extensor pollicis longus
Extensor indices
56
Q

What does the axillary nerve innervate?

A

Deltoid

Teres minor

57
Q

What does the radial nerve innervate?

A

Posterior upper arm and forearm

58
Q

What does the musculotaneous nerve innervate?

A

Anterior upper arm

59
Q

What does the median nerve innervate

A

Muscle in the anterior forearm EXCEPT flexor carpi ulnaris and medial 2 digits of flexor digitorum profundus
Thenar eminence
Lateral 2 lumbricals

60
Q

What does the ulnar nerve innervate?

A 
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Medial 2 digits of flexor digitorum profundus
Hypothenar eminence
Medial 2 lumbricals
Interossei
61
Q

Name the carpal bones

A 
Scaphoid 
Lunate
Triquetrum
Pisiform 
Trapezium
Trapezoid 
Capitate
Hamate
62
Q

Where does flexor digitorum superficialis insert and what is its function?

A

Tendons split into two and insert on either side of middle phalanx
Flexes MCP and PIP joints

63
Q

Where does flexor digitorum profundus insert and what is its function?

A

Inserts on distal phalanx

Flexes DIP, PIP and MCP joint (only muscles that can flex DIP)

64
Q

Where does flexor pollicis longus insert and what is its function?

A

Inserts on distal phalanx

Flexes IP joint (only muscle that can do so)

65
Q

What are the contents of the axilla?

A 
Axillary artery
Axillary vein
Brachial plexus
Lymph nodes
Fat
Tendons of biceps brachii and coracobrachialis
66
Q

What muscles of the hand does the median nerve innervate?

A 
LLOAF
2 lateral lumbricals
Opponens pollicis
Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis
67
Q

What muscles of the hand does the ulnar nerve innvervate?

A

Median 2 lumbricals
Interossei
Adductor pollicis
Hypothenar muscles

68
Q

What is the action of the lumbricals?

A

Flex MCP

Extend IP

69
Q

What passes through the adductor hiatus?

A

Femoral artery and vein
Saphenous nerve
Nerve to vastus medialis

70
Q

What are the upper and lower bounds of the gluteal region?

A

Upper - iliac crest

Lower - gluteal fold

Anatomy (4 decks)

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