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Anatomy > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What muscles is the pelvic floor comprised of?

A

Levator ani

Coccygeus

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2
Q

What 3 muscles make up levator ani?

A

Puborectalis
Pubococcygeus
Iliococcygeus

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3
Q

Where do the three bones of the pelvis meet?

A

Acertabulum

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4
Q

What are the branches of the anterior branch of the internal iliac?

A 
Obturator
Umbilical
Vesical 
Middle rectal
Internal pudendal
Inferior gluteal
Vaginal and uterine (females)
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5
Q

What are the branches of the posterior branch of internal iliac?

A

Superior gluteal
Lateral sacral
Iliolumbar

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6
Q

What is the perineum divided into?

A

Anal triangle

Urogenital triangle

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7
Q

Describe the function and course of the vas deferens

A

Carries sperm from the epididymis and connects to the duct of the seminal vesicle
Epididymis -> Vas deferens -> up the spermatic cord and through the inguinal canal -> around bladder -> medial to seminal vesicle

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8
Q

What is the function of the seminal vesicle?

A

To secrete a thick alkaline fluid which forms the bulk of seminal fluid
Lies laterally to the ampulla of vas deferens

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9
Q

Where is the prostate gland and what is its function?

A

Lies inferiorly against the neck of the bladder, is pierced by the urethra and ejaculatory duct
Produces secretions which are added to the seminal fluid

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10
Q

What are the sections of the uterine tubes (lateral to medial)?

A

Fimbriae -> infundibulum -> ampulla -> isthmus

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11
Q

What are the 3 sections of the uterus?

A

Fundus
Body
Cervix

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12
Q

What term is used to describe the uterus being bent forwards?

A

Ante-flexed

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13
Q

What term is used to describe the uterus being bent backwards?

A

Retro-verted

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14
Q

What muscle determines the position of the uterus?

A

Levator ani

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15
Q

What nerves innervate the vulva?

A

Ilioinguinal
Genital branch of genitofemoral
Pudendal
Posterior cutaneous

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16
Q

Describes the course of the genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve

A

Travels through the inguinal canal

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17
Q

What is the arterial supply of the foregut, midgut and hindgut?

A

Forgut - coeliac axis
Midgut - superior mesenteric
Hindgut - inferior mesenteric

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18
Q

What is the sympathetic innervation of the foregut, midgut and hindgut?

A

Foregut - greater splanchnic
Midgut - lesser splanchnic
Hindgut - least splanchnic

19
Q

What are the nerve roots of the greater splanchnic nerve?

A

T5/6 - T9

20
Q

What are the nerve roots of the lesser splanchnic nerve?

A

T10 - T11

21
Q

What are the nerve roots of the least splanchnic nerve?

A

T12 (sometimes L1)

22
Q

What muscles of the hand does the median nerve innervate?

A 
LLOAF
2 lateral lumbricals
Opponens pollicis
Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis
23
Q

What is the action of the lumbricals?

A

Flex MCP

Extend IP

24
Q

What passes through the adductor hiatus?

A

Femoral artery and vein
Saphenous nerve
Nerve to vastus medialis

25
Q

What are the upper and lower bounds of the gluteal region?

A

Upper - iliac crest

Lower - gluteal fold

26
Q

What embryological layer is the epithelial lining of the GI tract derived from?

A

Endoderm

27
Q

What is contained in the spermatic cord?

A 
Testicular artery
Cremasteric artery and vein
Artery to vas deferens 
Pampiniform plexus (drains into testicular vein)
Genital branch of genitofemoral
Autonomic nerves
Vas deferens
Vaginalis 
Lymphatic vessels
28
Q

What is the difference in the position of the left and right kidney?

A

The right kidney (L1-L3) sits lower than the left kidney (T12-L2) due to the presence of the liver

29
Q

What shape are the adrenal glands?

A

Right - pyramidal

Left - semi lunar/crescent

30
Q

What does the pituitary gland sit in?

A

Sella Turcica (part of the sphenoid bone)

31
Q

What does the pituitary gland hang from?

A

Infundibulum

32
Q

Describe the course of the recurrent laryngeal nerves?

A

Right - hooks under right subclavian

Left - hooke under arch of aorta

33
Q

Damage to which nerve causes a hoarse voice?

A

Recurrent laryngeal

34
Q

What are the coronary ligaments of the liver?

A

A circle of ligaments that look like a crown on the superior aspect of the liver

35
Q

Which artery is the main supplier of blood to the penis?

A

Internal pudendal artery

36
Q

What is the innervation of trapezius?

A

Cn. 11 (accessory nerve)

37
Q

What is the innervation of latissimus dorsi?

A

Thoracodorsal nerve

38
Q

What is the innervation of infraspinatus?

A

Suprascapular nerve

39
Q

What is the innervation of rhomboid major and minor?

A

Dorsal scapular nerve

40
Q

What is the innervation of serratus posterior inferior?

A

Intercostal nerve

41
Q

What supplies motor innervation to the cricothyroid muscle?

A

External branch of superior laryngeal

42
Q

What does the recurrent laryngeal nerve innervate?

A

Sensory innervation to the infraglottis

Motor innervation to all internal muscles of the larynx EXCEPT cricothyroid

43
Q

What does the superior laryngeal nerve innervate?

A

Internal branches - sensory innervation to supraglottis

External branches - motor innervation to cricothyroid

Anatomy (4 decks)

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