Lights and Architectural Lighting Systems (PART 2) Flashcards
provides uniform illumination throughout the space. It softens shadows on people’s faces and provides the illumination for color and texture.
Ambient lighting/general lighting
is the illumination provided for a specific visual function, which is additional to and controlled
separately from the ambient lighting.
Task or local lighting
is directional lighting used to emphasize a particular object or area.
Accent lighting
is the light source that adds a quality of interest to the space.
Decorative lighting
is required in the critical care and emergency spaces found in hospitals, nursing homes, and police, fire protection, and crisis management areas.
Emergency lighting
is the part of emergency lighting system that ensures the safety of people involved in a potentially hazardous process.
Safety lighting
is part of the emergency lighting system. It enables normal activities to continue substantially unchanged.
Stand-by lighting
provides illumination to ensure that an escape route can be effectively identified and used in the case
of failure of the normal lighting system.
Escape lighting
is the part of the escape lighting system that includes illuminated signage used to provide clear directions
for an emergency exit of building occupants.
Exit lighting
is a luminaire that is hung with a cord, chain, or tube that enables it to be suspended from a ceiling or other
support. It broadcasts light over the entire space.
Pendent
is a luminaire where a shielded light source directs its light to the ceiling, where it is reflected back to the space.
Uplight
is a luminaire that is usually attached to or recessed in the ceiling and emits a concentrated light downward
Downlight
is a type of downlight that is a recessed, canister-shaped luminaire with a shielded lamp that emits light downward.
High Hat
______ luminaires are mounted above the ceiling or behind a wall or other surface so that any visible projection of light is insignificant.
Recessed
are decorative, wall-mounted luminaires that provide ambient illumination. They can direct light upward, downward, or in all directions.
Sconces
_________ luminaires are used in high-ceiling areas, 20 ft (6 m) or higher, that require uniform illumination.
High Bay
________ luminaires are more compact. They are designed for use in low- to medium-ceiling areas, 12 to
20 ft (3 to 6 m).
Low Bay
is illumination where light received at the work plane or light illuminating an object is incident predominantly from a particular direction.
Directional lighting
is a luminaire that is designed to emit an intense, concentrated beam of light with usually no more than a 20°divergence (spread) from where it is directed
Spotlight
is a luminaire that emits an intense light that is broader than a spotlight and that is capable of being pointed in any direction.
Floodlight
is a directional lighting installation where luminaires are attached to and are moveable along a metal track.
Track lighting
is a lighting installation in which the light on the
working plane or on an object is not incident predominantly from a particular direction.
Diffused lighting
is a lighting component such as a translucent glass refractor that redirects or scatters the light from a source.
Diffuser
is a lighting installation where the light source is shielded by a panel that is parallel to the wall and attached to the ceiling; it distributes light over the wall.
Cornice lighting
is an up-lighting installation where the light source is shielded by a ledge or recess with light dispersed over the ceiling and upper wall
Cove lighting
is a lighting installation where the light source is shielded by a panel that is parallel to the wall at the top of a window
Valance lighting
is a linear luminaire constructed of an inverted
metal trough that serves as a fixture for fluorescent
lighting lamps
Troffer
is an incandescent lamp with an elliptically shaped reflector.
Elliptical reflector (ER) lamp
It may use an incandescent filament, a halogen filament tube, or HID arc tube, is a precision pressed-glass reflector lamp.
Parabolic aluminized reflector (PAR) lamp
is an advanced lighting technology that transports light from a single source over a distance to one or more light outlets or emits light evenly along the way.
Remote-source lighting (RSL)
Remote-source lighting (RSL) is distributed with either (1)____________ and (2)_____________.
- Fiber optic RSL systems
- Light pipe RSL systems
is excessive brightness in the field of vision that causes
discomfort or, in extreme cases, produces a disability from a temporary loss of vision.
Glare
is a rating of a lighting installation expressed as a percentage of individuals who, when viewing from a specified location and in a specified direction, will be expected to find it acceptable in terms of discomfort
glare
Visual comfort probability (VCP)
__________ are typically made from clear UV-stabilized plastics.
Lenses
__________ are slats in a light fixture that create openings for emitting light.
Louvers
__________ are opaque or translucent elements that shield a light source from direct view
Baffles
is the currently accepted method for calculating average illuminance levels for indoor areas unless the light distribution is extremely asymmetric.
Zonal cavity method
What are the basic steps any calculation of illuminance level
- Determine cavity ratio (CR)
- Determine effective cavity reflectances
- Select coefficient of utilization
- Compute average illuminance level
is the product of all considered factors that contribute to a lighting installation’s reduced light output over a period of time.
Light loss factor (LLF)
is the quantity of lamps found in the specified or existing luminaire.
Number of lamps in luminaire (n)
is the minimum required or the given number of luminaires in the space
Number of luminaires (#)
is the ratio of the amount of light (lumens) illuminating the work plane to the output of the lamp(s) in a fixture.
Coefficient of utilization (CU)
is a number indicating cavity proportions from length, width, and height
Cavity ratio (CR)
___________ ratio is an approximate maximum spacing-to-mounting height ratio required to ensure uniform
illumination on the work plane
Spacing criterion (CS)
__________ of a lighting installation is the power consumed for illumination (W) divided by the area served by the lighting installation. It is expressed in W/sq.ft or W/sq.m
Unit power density (UPD)
