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Photography > Lighting > Flashcards

Lighting Flashcards

1
Q

Lighting-____our first decision

A

Lighting

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2
Q

Lighting-Three light priorities

  1. ___ ____light from head to toe
  2. Soft even light in the ___
  3. Bonus: ___background
A
  1. Soft even light from head to toe
  2. Soft even light in the background
  3. Bonus: pretty background
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3
Q

How to Find the Right Light-Open Shade:

  1. ___and ____ are shaded from the sun.
  2. ____ can look directly up and see the sky (nothing ____ ____ their head.)
A
  1. Subject, background

2. Subject, hanging over

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4
Q

Lighting-Places to find open shade on a sunny day:
1.
2.
3.

A
  1. Buildings/architectural structures/awnings (not standing directly under)
  2. Trees (not standing under thick part)
  3. Mountains
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5
Q

Light Priorities-3 Types of Light to Avoid

  1. ___ direct light
  2. ____ - ___ light
  3. ___ light
A
  1. Harsh direct light
  2. Two- tone light
  3. Spotty light
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6
Q

Light Priorities-Harsh direct Light

A

Casts unflattering shadows, eyes look dark, exposes imperfections

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7
Q

Light Priorities-Two Tone Light

A

Over-exposed backgrounds distract from your subject

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8
Q

Light Priorities-Spotty Light

A

Splotches the sun on the subject, direct the light

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9
Q

Back lighting-What is back lighting? __________ of light around the subjects head

A

Rim

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10
Q
  • Back lighting-Ways to find back lighting:
    1. Find the place where the shade _____________ the sun
    2. Crop the ___________ on the ground out of the shot
    3. Look out when walking from ____ to ____
A
  1. meets
  2. sun
  3. location to location
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11
Q

Back lighting-how to find

A
  1. Walk the subjects right to the line where the shade meets the sun (could be spotty line if from trees too)
  2. Tell the couple to take a few steps back (okay if there in the darker part)
  3. Watch the light on the couples’ heads.
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12
Q

Back Light Trouble Shooting-What causes a sun flare?

A

When the sun hits your lens (focus is a challenge when the sun is hitting your lens directly too)

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13
Q

Back Light Trouble Shooting-How to correct sun flares/not being able to focus.

  1. Shuffle your _________ in a horseshoe pattern
  2. Rotate your ___
  3. Use a ______ ____
  4. Get up, so you can shoot ____
  5. Use your ______
  6. Use _____ objects
  7. Use a ____
A
  1. feet
  2. couple
  3. lens hood
  4. down
  5. hand
  6. environmental
  7. reflector
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14
Q

Selecting Backgrounds Strategically-Choose backgrounds that are ____________ in color

A

Light

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15
Q

Selecting Backgrounds Strategically-Choose backgrounds that are ____ and ___-______

A
  1. Clean

2. Non-distracting

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16
Q

Shooting in Green Places-

  1. Avoid the ____ spots
  2. Watch out for “ ____ ____”
  3. Find a spot where you can see a ___ _____
  4. Keep your subjects away from dark ____ ____
  5. Make the most of what you’re given
A
  1. Thickest
  2. Black holes
  3. Little Sky
  4. Tree trunks
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17
Q

Reflector-

Reflector = anything that ____ light

A

Bounces

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18
Q

Reflector-The more ___ light filling a face, the more flattering

A

Soft

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19
Q

Reflector-Reflectors help with ___ shadows

A

Filing

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20
Q

Reflector-Reflectors help most for ________ head shots

A

Tight

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21
Q

Reflector-The perfect reflector combo: ____/____

A

Silver/Gold

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22
Q

Natural Reflectors-

Avoid facing subjects towards _____________ walls and grounds

A

Colored

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23
Q

***Natural Reflectors-

Avoid facing subjects towards _____________ walls and grounds

A

Colored

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24
Q

Natural Reflectors-Look for ____colored walls and ___

A
  1. Light
  2. Ground
    (also beaches, sand, snow, light colored pavement, cement, monuments)
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25
Q

Natural Reflectors-Place subjects on a ____-colored path or ___near the grass

A
  1. Light

2. Walkway

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26
Q

Natural Reflectors-Maximize the natural reflector with ___ ____, and pair them with wide green shots

A

Tight shots

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27
Q

Natural Reflectors-Place your subjects on the ___ ____ near a natural reflector

A

Grass near

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28
Q

Schedule Portrait Sessions for Best Light-We start all sessions ___ hours before sunset.

A

2

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29
Q

Shooting in Harsh Light-
Peter Pan Light
1. Sun should be hitting your subject’s ___________
2. Your subject can look down and see their ____ in front of them
3. No ____ ____ on your subjects

A
  1. Back
  2. Shadow
  3. Hot spots
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30
Q

Shooting in Harsh Light-
Peter Pan Light
1. Sun should be hitting your subject’s ___________
2. Your subject can look down and see their ____ in front of them
3. No ____ ____ on your subjects

A
  1. Back
  2. Shadow
  3. Hot spots
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31
Q

Shooting in Harsh Light-background ___ light > ___ light because you can crop out the ground still

A
  1. Spotty

2. Split

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32
Q
  • **Shooting with Natural Light Indoors
    1. Find big ___________
    2. Turn _______ the lights
    3. Find the best, ____ background and clear the clutter
    4. Subtle ____________ with window
A
  1. Window
  2. Off
  3. Cleanest
    4.
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33
Q

Composition-Make the most of one location:

  1. Full length ___ to ___
  2. ___ body
  3. ___ headshot
A
  1. head to toe
  2. half
  3. tight
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34
Q

Horizon Lines-The horizon line is what communicates to the viewer’s eye that the photograph is straight
Look _________ the subject at the horizon line

A

Beyond

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35
Q

Rule of Thirds-Picture the photo being chopped into _________ pieces, your subject is on one of those lines

A

Three

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36
Q

Framing-Use the background to make your subjects _________

A

Pop

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37
Q

Framing-Ask yourself: When you’re looking through the viewfinder, is there something in the ___ or ___ you can use to ___?

A
  1. Foreground
  2. Background
  3. Frame
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38
Q

Layering-The closer your lens is to the thing you’re layering with, the ____and ___ it’s going to look

A
  1. Blurrier

2. Dreamier

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39
Q

Layering-Most of the time, you _________ want your subjects to be camera aware

A

Don’t

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40
Q

Layering-When choosing something to layer with, you just want to be careful that the ___ isn’t hitting the object too ____

A
  1. Sun
  2. Directly

(think that pretty technique where you use flowers, leaves, bush to peek through)

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41
Q

Layering-Crop out the _________

A

Ground

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42
Q

Flattering the Body with Composition-

Shoot __________ whenever possible

A

Down

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43
Q

Flattering the Body with Composition-Cut ___ of their body out of the frame

A

Half

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44
Q

Flattering the Body with Composition-Avoid cropping at the ___________

A

Joints

45
Q

Flattering the Body with Composition-Cut at the ___

A

Thigh

46
Q

Flattering the Body with Composition-Use ____________ space

A

Negative

47
Q

Mastering Exposure & Manual Mode-Exposure = How much _________ hits the camera’s sensor

A

Light

48
Q

Mastering Exposure & Manual Mode-Overexposure = Too _________ light

A

Much

49
Q

Mastering Exposure & Manual Mode-Underexposure = _______ enough light

A

Not

50
Q

Mastering Exposure & Manual Mode-Highlights = ____parts

A

Brightest

51
Q

Mastering Exposure & Manual Mode-___________ = Darkest parts

A

Shadows

52
Q

Mastering Exposure & Manual Mode-Three components of exposure:

  1. ____
  2. ____
  3. ____ ____
A
  1. Aperture
  2. ISO
  3. Shutter speed
53
Q

Mastering Exposure & Manual Mode-Aperture, ISO, and shutter speed affect:

  1. The amount of ____ that hits the sensor
  2. One other unique element of the photograph
A

Light

54
Q

Aperture-Aperture = The size of the _________

A

Hole

55
Q

Aperture-The size of the hole determines how much light hits the ___________

A

Sensor

56
Q

Aperture-Wide open aperture = __________ of light gets in

A

Lots

57
Q

Aperture-Smaller open aperture = ___________ light gets in

A

Less

58
Q

Aperture-____________ = f stop

A

Aperture

59
Q

Aperture-Depth of field is the amount of ___________ compared to your subject

A

Blur

60
Q

Aperture-Aperture determines:

  1. How much ___hits the sensor
  2. How much of the image is in ____
A
  1. Light

2. Focus

61
Q

ISO-ISO = The camera’s _______________ to light

A

Sensitivity

62
Q

ISO-Ideally, your ISO is as _________ as possible

A

Low

63
Q

ISO-The higher the ISO, the more ___

A

Grain

64
Q

ISO-The _____________ the location, the less grain you’ll see

A

Brighter

65
Q

ISO-Find the ___ ISO to give you the amount of light you need

A

Lowest

66
Q

Shutter Speed-Shutter speed = How _________ the camera’s “curtain” is open

A

Long

67
Q

Shutter Speed-The longer the curtain is open, the ___________ light hits the sensor

A

More

68
Q

Shutter Speed-The ___________ the curtain closes, the less light hits the sensor

A

Faster

69
Q

Shutter Speed-The longer the curtain is open, the more ___________ you’re at for the photo being out of focus

A

Risk

70
Q

Depth of Field-More blur = More _________

A

Depth

71
Q

Depth of Field-_____________ affects depth

A

Distance

72
Q

Depth of Field-Depth of field is affected by:

  1. The ______________ distance to the subject
  2. The subject’s distance to the ______________
A
  1. Photographer’s

2. Background

73
Q

Depth of Field-Want more blur?

  1. Get _________ to your subject
  2. Move your subject farther away from the _____
A
  1. Closer

2. Background

74
Q

Depth of Field-Want more in focus?

  1. Get your subject closer to the ____
  2. Get __________ away from your subject
A
  1. Background

2. Farther

75
Q

Focal Length-Focal length = What you see when you look through the lens and how __ the objects appear

A

Big

76
Q

Focal Length-The longer the focal length, the softer and ___________ the background will appear

A

Bigger

77
Q 
Choosing lenses Strategically-Prime lenses have \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ fixed focal length
Prime:
- 50mm
- 85mm
- 100mm
A

One

78
Q

Choosing lenses Strategically-For portraits, we prefer ____ lenses

A

Prime

79
Q

Choosing lenses Strategically-Zoom lenses have ________ focal lengths
Zoom:
- 24-70mm
- 70-200mm

A

Many

80
Q

Choosing lenses Strategically-Zoom lenses have ________ focal lengths
Zoom:
- 24-70mm
- 70-200mm

A

Many

81
Q

Choosing lenses Strategically-Whenever possible, we avoid ___ ___ lenses for close-up portraits

Lenses for wedding photographers:

  1. Details = 100mm & 50mm
  2. ________ = 24-70mm
  3. Portraits = 50mm & 85mm (avoid anything smaller than 50 for portraits or warped widening of face)
  4. Ceremony = ___________
  5. Reception = 24-70mm
A
  1. Getting ready

4. 70-200mm

82
Q

Choosing lenses Strategically-Lenses for portrait photographers:

  1. Family =___mm
  2. One to two people = ___mm
A
  1. 50

2. 85

83
Q

Crop Sensor vs. Full Frame-Full frame sensors give you a higher quality image and preform better in ___ _____ situations

A

Low light

84
Q

Crop Sensor vs. Full Frame-It may be time to upgrade when you feel like your gear is ____ ____ ____ you back.

A

Starting to hold

85
Q

Crop Sensor vs. Full Frame-Nikon shooters crop sensor is ______ multiplier

A

1.5

86
Q

Crop Sensor vs. Full Frame-Canon shooters crop sensor is ___multiplier

A

1.6

87
Q

Nailing Focus-Use ________ focus

A

Auto

88
Q

Nailing Focus-Picture style: ___________

A

Standard

89
Q

Nailing Focus-Magnification: ___ size from selected point

A

Actual

90
Q

One Over Focal Length Rule-The slower the shutter speed, the more __________ you have for a blurry photo

A

Risk

91
Q

One Over Focal Length Rule-Shutter speed must always be at least ________ stop faster than your focal length

A

1/3

92
Q

One Over Focal Length Rule-For ____ ____, shutter speed should be double your focal length

A

Crop Sensor

93
Q

Toggling vs. Recomposing-The __________ focal point is the strongest

A

Center

94
Q

Toggling vs. Recomposing-Two ways to focus:
1. Toggle:
- Frame your shot
- Select your ___ point
Toggle until your focused on their _________
2. Focus and recompose:
Focus on your subject using the ___focal point then recompose the shot

A
  1. Focal
  2. Faces
  3. Center
95
Q

Toggling vs. Recomposing-Beware of ____ when recomposing

A

Tilting

96
Q

Back Button Focus-

Back button focus ___________ the focus from the shutter

A

Separates

97
Q

Back button Focus-

  1. ___ locks down button first
  2. Index finger only controls ____
A
  1. Thumb

2. Shutter

98
Q

Selecting the Best Focal Point-
One person in the frame:
1. Choose the eye ___ to the camera
2. The _____________ the person is in the frame, the more of their face will be in the box

A
  1. Closest

2. Smaller

99
Q

Selecting the Best Focal Point-
Two people in the frame:
1. If they’re both looking, keep their faces on the same _____ _____
2. Choose the person ____ at the camera
3. Choose the person ________ to the camera
Tip: Keep ____ lined up when photographing multiple children or parent with child

A
  1. Focal Plane
  2. Looking
  3. Closest
  4. Noses
100
Q

Focusing With Groups-
Two rows of people:
1. Bring second row as _________ to the first row as possible
2. Focus on the person in the front row who is in the ____
Three rows or more:
- 1/3 forward
- 2/3 back

A
  1. Close

2. Center

101
Q

Capturing Movement-

___ ___= Subject is still

A

One Shot

102
Q

Capturing Movement-___ ______ = Subject is moving

A

Al Servo

103
Q

Capturing Movement-Subject is still = ___ over focal length rule

A

One

104
Q

Capturing Movement-Subject is moving = ________ shutter to freeze motion

A

Faster

105
Q

Focus Tricks-If your lens won’t focus during low light situations, find high __________

A

Contrast

106
Q

Focus Tricks-Every lens has a minimum focus ____

A

Distance

107
Q

Focus Tricks-If all else fails, it might be time to:

  1. Replace the _________
  2. Recalibrate your ________
A
  1. Shutter

2. Lens

108
Q

Focus Tricks-If all else fails, it might be time to:

  1. Replace the _________
  2. Re calibrate your ________
A
  1. Shutter

2. Lens

109
Q

Bonus Focus Tricks-
If you can’t adjust any more of your settings, but you need to get people in focus, take your focal length and change your lens to a
____ number focal length

A

Lower

Photography (3 decks)

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