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IACC > Light safety > Flashcards

Light safety Flashcards

1
Q

How is the Maximum Permissible Exposure (MPE) defined for a laser?

A

Safe exposure limit for eyes and skin

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2
Q

How is the Nominal Occular Hazard Distance (NOHD) defined for a laser?

A

Distance at which irradiance [W/m^2] or radiant exposure [J/m^2] equals the MPE.

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3
Q

What are the Regulations for lasers and UV in the UK?

A

Control of Artificial Optical Radiation at Work Regs (CAORWR)

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4
Q

Which two laser classes require local rules?

A

Class 3B and 4

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5
Q

UVA bandwidth?

A

315 - 400 nm

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6
Q

UVB bandwidth?

A

280 - 315 nm

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7
Q

Units for irradiance?

A

W/m^2

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7
Q

UVC bandwidth?

A

100 - 280 nm

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8
Q

Units for radiant exposure?

A

J/m^2

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9
Q

What is effective irradiance?

A

Irradiance weighted according to CIE erythema action spectrum

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10
Q

What is standard erythemal dose (SED)?

A

100 J/m^2

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11
Q

How many SED for just-perceptible erythema?

A

1.5 to 6 SED

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12
Q

What is UV index a measure of?

A

Effective solar irradiance [W/m^2]

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13
Q

What is the workplace weighted artificial UV radiant exposure limit over any 8 h period?

A

30 J/m^2

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14
Q

What is the workplace unweighted artificial UVA radiant exposure limit over any 8 h period?

A

10,000 J/m^2

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15
Q

Which IPEM report contains guidance on phototherapy safety?

A

IPEM 101

16
Q

What is the photometric quantity for intensity?

A

Illuminance [W/m^2]

17
Q

What is the radiometric quantity for intensity?

A

Irradiance [W/m^2]

18
Q

What is the photometric quantity for power?

A

luminous power [lm]

19
Q

What is the radiometric quantity for power?

A

radiant power [W]

20
Q

What is the photometric quantity for energy?

A

luminous energy [J]

21
Q

What is the radiometric quantity for energy?

A

radiant energy [J]

22
Q

What wavelength range is IR?

A

700 nm - 1 mm

23
Q

What wavelength range are microwaves?

A

1 mm - 1 m

24
Q

What shape is the spectral response of a thermopile?

A

flat

25
Q

How much energy is required to ionise air/water?

A

33 eV

26
Q

How much energy do UV photons carry?

A

3 - 12 eV

27
Q

By which two mechanisms can UV chemically change DNA?

A

directly
via free radical production

28
Q

In which UV band is the peak in the skin cancer action spectrum?

A

UVB

IACC (7 decks)

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