light independent reaction

Question 1

what are the three stages of the calvin cycle

Answer 1

carbon fixation
reduction
reperation RuBp

Question 2

what is RuBisCO

Answer 2

an enzyme

Question 3

what rea the two products used from the light independent stage for the light dependent stage

Answer 3

atp
reduced NADP

Question 4

how is CO2 fixed to the calvin cycle

Answer 4

it is calatlysed by the enzyme rubisco and fixed to RuBp

Question 5

how many CO2 are there

Answer 5

3

Question 6

what does the reaction between CO2 and RuBP form

Answer 6

GP

Question 7

how many carbons are there now at GP

Answer 7

6

Question 8

what come after GP

Answer 8

TP

Question 9

how is GP formed from TP

Answer 9

reduced NADP is used with energy from ATP to reduce GP to TP

Question 10

what is added to GP

Answer 10

ATP
NADPH

Question 11

what does the ATP added to GP form become

Answer 11

ADP+Pi

Question 12

what does the NADPH added to GP form become

Answer 12

NADP

Question 13

how many carbons are at TP

Answer 13

3

Question 14

what are the by products created from TP

Answer 14

glucose - starch
glycerol
lipids

Question 15

what does TP then become

Answer 15

RuBP

Question 16

what is added to TP

Answer 16

ATP

Question 17

what is a by product of the ATP added to TP

Answer 17

ADP+Pi

Question 18

why are atp and nadph required

Answer 18

• the hydrolysis and dephosphorilation of atp provides energy for the - conversion of GP to TP
• H+ ions are needed to convert Gp to Tp

Question 19

describe the light inderpendent reaction (5 marks)

Answer 19

• calvin cycle
• occours in the stroma
• during carbon fixation , enzyme rubisoc catalyses the binding of co2 (1c) molecule to RuBp (5c) molecule to form GP
• 2x Gp is formed a 3c molecule x2 so 6 carbons
• during reduction stage 2x atp is broken down into atp and 2x nadph is broken down into nadp providing energy and H+ ions driving conversion of Gp into Tp
• 2x Tp (3c) molecule = 6c
• tp converted into glucose
• RuBp regeneration 5 OUT OF THE 6 CARBONS USED TO MAKE GLUCOS USED TO REGENERATE RUBP
• atp is hydrolised into adp+ pi producing 5c molecule RuBP

Question 20

what is needed from the LDR to carry out the LIDR

Answer 20

3x ATP
2X NADPH

Question 21

what are the products of the LIDR

Answer 21

3x ADP + Pi
2x NADP

Question 22

how many turns of the calvin cycle are required to make 1 molecule of glucose

Answer 22

6