light independent reaction Flashcards
what are the three stages of the calvin cycle
carbon fixation
reduction
reperation RuBp
what is RuBisCO
an enzyme
what rea the two products used from the light independent stage for the light dependent stage
atp
reduced NADP
how is CO2 fixed to the calvin cycle
it is calatlysed by the enzyme rubisco and fixed to RuBp
how many CO2 are there
3
what does the reaction between CO2 and RuBP form
GP
how many carbons are there now at GP
6
what come after GP
TP
how is GP formed from TP
reduced NADP is used with energy from ATP to reduce GP to TP
what is added to GP
ATP
NADPH
what does the ATP added to GP form become
ADP+Pi
what does the NADPH added to GP form become
NADP
how many carbons are at TP
3
what are the by products created from TP
glucose - starch
glycerol
lipids
what does TP then become
RuBP
what is added to TP
ATP
what is a by product of the ATP added to TP
ADP+Pi
why are atp and nadph required
- the hydrolysis and dephosphorilation of atp provides energy for the - conversion of GP to TP
- H+ ions are needed to convert Gp to Tp
describe the light inderpendent reaction (5 marks)
- calvin cycle
- occours in the stroma
- during carbon fixation , enzyme rubisoc catalyses the binding of co2 (1c) molecule to RuBp (5c) molecule to form GP
- 2x Gp is formed a 3c molecule x2 so 6 carbons
- during reduction stage 2x atp is broken down into atp and 2x nadph is broken down into nadp providing energy and H+ ions driving conversion of Gp into Tp
- 2x Tp (3c) molecule = 6c
- tp converted into glucose
- RuBp regeneration 5 OUT OF THE 6 CARBONS USED TO MAKE GLUCOS USED TO REGENERATE RUBP
- atp is hydrolised into adp+ pi producing 5c molecule RuBP
what is needed from the LDR to carry out the LIDR
3x ATP
2X NADPH
what are the products of the LIDR
3x ADP + Pi
2x NADP
how many turns of the calvin cycle are required to make 1 molecule of glucose
6
